Thursday, December 26, 2019

An Analysis Of Math Data On District And School Levels

An analysis of math data from state, district, school, and five fifth grade classrooms yielded the following results. The Asian-Pacific Islander subgroup across all grade levels significantly outperformed all subgroups at the state level. However, at the district level this data will not be considered because there are no Asian-Pacific Islander students. At the district and school levels white students outperformed all subgroups. In the case of Blacks, the state percentage of student mastery for Whites was doubled than that for Blacks across all grade bands. ELL and Special Education students across all grade levels had stable and low performance. In addition, the state data revealed a downward then upward trend in the†¦show more content†¦In mathematics procedures, the area of improvement is computation with fractions. An analysis of reading data from state, district, school, and five grade level 5 classrooms yielded the following results. The Asian-Pacific Islander subgroup across all grade levels significantly outperformed all subgroups at the state level. Because there were no Asian-Pacific Islander students at the district level, this data will not be considered. Thus, at the district and local levels white students outperformed all subgroups. In reading, the percentage of mastery among Whites (45%) was triple than that for the mastery of Blacks (15%) and Hispanics (15%). ELL and Special Education students across all grade levels had stable and low performance. An analysis of the grade level 5 district and school reading data showed that White students outperformed all subgroups. At the school, the focus groups are LEA, Special Education, Blacks, and Hispanics. Data from the grade level five classrooms showed 50% mastery of students in Section A which was significantly lower than the students in Section B (83%), Section C (80%), Section D (90%), and Section E (63%). Although standardized data revealed that in reading vocabulary the n ational grade percentile was 74, there were strands which were target areas: synonyms, multiple meaning words, and context clues. The targetShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of Organizational Performance And Processes1142 Words   |  5 Pagestakes place in your school organization by doing the following: 1. Describe how your school organization reviews organizational performance and processes. Napavine School District reviews our district performances and processes on a monthly basis through various committees: TPEP (Teacher/Principal Evaluation Program), BLT (Building Leadership Team), and Safety. Each of these committees meet on a monthly basis to discuss a variety of performance and processes we face in our district. Each of the committeesRead MoreThe Importance Of Instructional Improvements In College1517 Words   |  7 Pagesaccounted for. A 40% proficiency rate in the 2016-2017 school year amounted to 48 out of 122 students, while a 45% proficiency rate in 2017-2018 will amount to 161 out of 354 students. The data from Figure 1 in tandem with Table 1 are evidence that significant instructional improvements need to be made to achieve the school’s goals for the 2017-2018 school year. Instructional Strategies for Economically Disadvantaged Students What are the best school-wide instructional improvements that can be made inRead MoreImproving The Current Teacher Student Ratio1287 Words   |  6 Pagesgrade at Park Middle School in Scotch Plains, New Jersey. As I reviewed the multitude of data, a few specific statistics emerged. The population of our sending districts in 2010, Scotch Plains and Fanwood, totaled 30,828. The United States Census Bureau predicts our total sending population to rise to 31,433 within the next 5-7 years (U.S. Census Bureau, 2015). Even though that increase is slight, our school district has implemented a full-day kindergarten program this year. This data and new programRead MoreEssay On Data Analysis For Instructional Improvement1100 Words   |  5 PagesData Analysis for Instructional Improvement Since the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act, there has been an increased focus on increasing student achievement and holding states and schools accountable for that student achievement (NCLB, 2001). One added requirement of the No Child Left Behind Act was the use of regular assessments to highlight weaknesses in content and the to look at the differences among different subgroups (2001). The purpose of the disaggregation and analysis of dataRead MoreThe Curriculum At Wilson Elementary School1647 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch the curriculum at Wilson Elementary School because it is the school I currently teach at. I was interested in the curriculum of Wilson because teachers are given the freedom and professional judgment to do what is best for students. This means we are all to use the district curriculums, but use data, strategies, best practices and supplemental material to do what is best and most effective for students. Wilson is part of Colorado Springs School D istrict 11. It is located at 1409 De Reamer CircleRead MoreA Report Card For Yankton School District1188 Words   |  5 PagesFor the first project requirements, I collected data for the Yankton School District and the Mitchell School District from the South Dakota Department of Education’s website. I specifically looked at each district’s report card that included performance indicators, school performance index, staffing and student population statistics, attendance numbers and high school completion and college and career readiness statistics. Each school district’s report card contained further detailed informationRead MoreEvaluation Of A Student Profile Report Essay1687 Words   |  7 Pagesi-Ready program and developers; Curriculum Associates, in addition to alignment with the California Frameworks for Mathematics; Assessments. The attached reports came from Avery Middle School’s Administration of Vallecito Unified School District from a 7th grad e math class. The student names on the attached reports have been blacked out for confidentiality purposes. First, I want to communicate my personal experiences with i-Ready and then an overview of the program’s acclaimed association andRead MoreThe Analytical And Intuitive Thinking927 Words   |  4 Pageshave selected a data set that pertains to math scores in the New York City School Districts, in particular grades third through eighth and how the genders match up against one another. Analytical thinking is focused on data and facts to help us reason through information, thus we will be looking at the trends at each level over the course of six years, 2006-2011, but intuition and logic will help us connect the missing pieces as to what the data is stating and why that is the case. Math PerformanceRead MoreCollection Of Practices : State And District Standardized Testing973 Words   |  4 Pages I worked on various tasks regarding both state and district standardized testing. I collected all the available data from TIDE and EdSights for Amity’s and DRG B’s aggregate and disaggregate results on the 2017 state testing (CAPT, CMT, SAT, and SBA). Much of the disaggregate DRG information was suppressed. CAPT and CMT DRG information was not yet released. I downloaded the data that I could obtain into Excel, and then I organized the data into various graphs. These graphs were then sharedRead MoreImplementation Of An Organization For Implementation1280 Words   |  6 Pages(Easterling Metz, 2016, p.108). The three types of implementation drivers in place in Kentucky are competency, organization, and leadership. These drivers work together. Organizational drivers help with improvement at organizational and system levels. Competency drivers help improve practitioners’ competence and create sustainability in practice. Leadership drivers help leaders to utilize the best leadership strategies for the need. State Personnel Development Grant (SPDG) The KDE has a SPDG

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Physical And Physical Activities Of Military Personnel

Introduction Modern military operations are physically demanding for both the soldiers and their commanders, despite the technological development. (Goran et al., 2012). Physical activity is important for soldiers to maintain physical fitness and endurance. Survivability of military personnel is the basis for future military career and the fulfillment of military duties, and daily activities of soldiers are associated with fitness abilities that require a high level of fitness education (Plavina, 2008). Military occupational tasks together with demanding working environments are often exposed to multi-stressors. During the sustained operation, especially, these stress factors are very challenging for the soldiers physical and mental performance due to caloric deficit, sleeping deprivation, continuous physical activity, and a different kind of disturbances in mood states (Nindl, et al., 2008). Military activities also consist of several tasks like carrying or lifting heavy loads and materials, dig ging foxholes, or demanding marches with extra loads of combat gear of 25-65kg (Santilla, 2009). Therefore, in the military operations or crisis management, high levels of both aerobic capacity and muscle strength performance are required for the soldiers. The specificity of adaptation to resistance training is well reported. Resistance training with high loads leads, especially during initial weeks, to neural adaptations and later on muscle hypertrophy. These adaptations areShow MoreRelatedThe Meaning Of The Word Profession874 Words   |  4 Pagestasks requiring physical strength and endurance. At first glance, the composition and mission of the military undermines the definition of a profession. Obviously, the military relies on a certain amount of physical labor to complete its mission. However, the military is also composed of personnel who manage and direct the employment of assets to strategically, operationally, or tactically defeat the enemy. The knowledge required to employ those capabilities offsets the physical labor necessaryRead MoreHazing Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagessometimes deadly consequences of the hazing rituals being performed by university and high school students, military personnel, professional athletes and most recently by middle school students. These rituals have affected the life of the people involve in hazing, whether is on the receiving end or on the delivering end. Educators along with the communities have confronted practical jokes, physical abuse, excessive consumption of alcohol and other humiliating and harmful events. To better understandRead MoreBecoming A Soldier At The United States Army1015 Words   |  5 Pagesare not truly living unless they are physically and mentally present wherever they travel, whether on duty or being off duty. Being present however, can impact a soldier in a professional and personal manner, and can be commonly linked with poor physical health, as well as poor mental health. While yes, soldier’s are able to receive treatment for free at a variety of establishments, in the long run, being physically and mentally present is a lifelong task that requires focus.. Stress and bullyingRead MoreThe Injuries Of The Wounded Worrier Program1489 Words   |  6 Pages During this time of war, military personal faced with deployments and unfortunate events that lead them to physical and meatal disabilities. Many of military personal come back home with wounds that leave mental scarfs and then have to confront society alone. This often leads them to deal with more distressful situations, and in many cases leads to unfortunate outcomes. The wounded worrier program works with these individuals to help them back into society with an easy transition. Some of the problemsRead MoreJunior Reserve Officer Training Corps848 Words   |  4 Pageslaw in 2001. The amount of Cadets that are required at minimum are three hundred in a Battalion. Women have served the United States Army since 1775. They nursed the sick and wounded, cleaned and fixed torn clothing, and cooked for the troops on military bases.Campaign services did not exist in the Army until the 20th century. 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Gate security and schedule must be safeguarded by the supervisor and released at the last possible moment. Guards should be rotated randomly at the shift locations. This will prevent negative habit-forming practices as well as defeat the purpose of having a particular guard at a particular point at a particular time. Most people entering the base are assumed to have a good reason for being there either as militaryRead MoreLogistics Supply Chain Essay793 Words   |  4 Pages 5. Compare and contrast the four major subdivisions of logistics discussed in the chapter. A. Military Logistics: is the design and integration of all aspects of support for the operational capability of military forces and their equipment to ensure readiness, reliability, and efficiency. B.Service Logistics- the acquisition, scheduling and management of the facilities, assets personnel, and materials to support to and sustain a service, operation or business. C. Business Logistics –Read MoreThe Push For Equality Within The Military951 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction/Objective: The push for equality by allowing women to serve in combat positions is not just isolated to a few military branches of service. According to the Department of Defense Secretary Ashton Cater, the push for women to be eligible for all positions in the military is credible, (Commander Call Topics, 2015). Based on the secretary’s recommendation, women will be eligible for all positions to include roles in combat. Senior leaders noted that this will provide a better selectionRead MoreCoast Guard Policy Review Paper978 Words   |  4 PagesCommandant (CG-1111) and or the CDC.† Use of tobacco products by Coast Guard enlisted personnel would allow members to receive no higher than a mark of Above Average (5) in the Health and Well-Being dimension and the future Military Readiness dimension, ref (a) and (d). A mark of Excellent in Military Readiness states, â€Å"Contributed to and demonstrated commitment to a healthy workplace culture by promoting physical well-being. Actively assisted other with readiness standards.† The Coast Guard Academy

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Earnings Management And Asset of Impairment - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Earnings ManagementAndAsset of Impairment. Answer: The main objective of this report is to focus on the impairment criteria and assumptions used by Bradken Limited for conducting the impairment tests on the assets. The report will also focus on the impairment testing procedures used by the company and the subjectivity involved in the procedure. To comment on these the annual report of the company for the year ended 30th June 2016. Bradken Limited is the leading manufacturer in the world for various capital and consumables products for the global market and delivers wide range of fabricated and cast products through four divisions focussed in the market divisions and independent branded business that includes transport and mining, processing of mineral, fixed plant, services related to cast metal and engineered products (Bradken.com 2018). The company uses their wide experience for developing the innovative products for freight rail, mining, steel making, power generation, transport, gas and oil, cement and various other industries. An impaired asset is the asset of the company having the market value that is less than the carrying value of the asset. Assets that are likely to get impaired are the tangible fixed assets like plant, property, equipment and the intangible assets like accounts receivable and goodwill (Amiraslani, Iatridis and Pope 2013). After adjusting the carrying value of the impaired asset the loss is recorded in the income statement of the company. After writing off impairment, asset will have a reduced carrying cost as the adjustments will be recognized as loss and will reduce the value of the asset. Assets tested for impairment As per the annual report of the company for the year ended 30th June 2016, the company tested the following assets for impairment Goodwill and intangible assets of are not amortised, however, it is tested for impairment annually of frequently that is more than once in a year if changes in the circumstances or any events indicates that it may be impaired and it is carried in financial statement at cost reduced by accumulated losses on account of impairment (Rennekamp, Rupar and Seybert 2014). Other assets like plant, equipment and property, inventories are tested for impairment when there is an indication that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Impairment test procedure Apart from the intangible assets and goodwill, other assets are tested for impairment when the indication is there that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. However for intangible assets and goodwill that are not amortised are tested for impairment annually of frequently that is more than once in a year if changes in the circumstances or any events indicates that it may be impaired. Further, the goodwill is allocated to cash generating unit for carrying out the impairment testing (Cotter 2012). The non-financial assets except the goodwill that suffered the impairment are analysed for the possible reversal of the impairment at the each date of reporting. For impairment assessment the assets are grouped at lowest levels of separately recognisable cash inflows and are widely independent of cash inflows from the other assets or the group of the assets that is the cash generating units. Impairment expenditures The company recorded impairment expenses for the year ended 30th June 2016 as follows Intangible assets and goodwill during the period the company recorded total impairment amounting to $ 64.1 million on intangible assets and goodwill, out of which $ 49 million was recorded against goodwill, $ 12.8 million were recorded against the customers list and $ 2.3 million were recorded against the licenses. Plant, property and equipment - during the period the company recorded total impairment amounting to $ 163.2 million for fixed assets, out of which $ 108 million was recorded against transport and mining, $ 4.4 million were recorded against mineral processing division and $ 50.8 million were recorded against the segments of engineered products. Assumptions and estimates used by the company for conducting impairment test Bradken Limited makes various assumptions and estimates as they are concerned regarding the future. The outcomes of the accounting estimates by definition will be equal to the associated actual outcomes (Andrews 2012). The assumptions and estimates that have considerable risks that it can lead to material adjustments to the assets carrying value within next accounting year are discussed and disclosed through the notes to accounts where these kinds of judgements are required. Owing to the continuous adverse condition of the market and continuous downturn of the market for the assessment of recoverable amount for goodwill and the other intangible assets of the companys cash generating units was conducted (Ramanna and Watts 2012). The recoverable amount of CGU is computed on the basis of the calculation of value-in-use. Further, these calculations use the projections of cash flows on the basis of the financial forecast that is prepared by the management for last 5 years. For calculation of value-in-use the key assumptions are as follows Discount rates Growth rates using the extrapolate flows of cash beyond the period of forecast EBITDA/Sales margin Subjectivity involved in the process of impairment testing As per IAS 36 on Impairment of assets it is perceived that it is the atypical standard in IFRS and it demands the subjective interpretation and its can be adaptable with regard to the managerial requirements and it does not limit the creative accounting. It was found from the annual report of Bradken Limited that there involved considerable subjectivity while the management carrying out the process for impairment test as the management had the opportunity of exploiting their discretion and may carried out the goodwill impairment test opportunistically (Amiraslani, Iatridis and Pope 2013). This can be proved with help of the fact that goodwill allocation to the CGU and computation of recoverable amount when no availability of active prices are there for goodwill is subject to the fact of discretion. Confusing and difficult part of impairment Based on the analysis, it is recognized that the difficult and confusing part of impairment is that the indication of impairment. Through, the indications depend on the internal as well as external signal that the asset may be impaired; the frequency of conducting the test for intangible assets and goodwill is entirely depends on the managements discretion. Therefore, chances are there that the management will carry out the test opportunistically while there is a downturn in the value. New insights regarding conducting the impairment Impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount of the asset and the recoverable amount of the asset. The recoverable amount considered as higher among the value-in use and the fair value of the asset reduced by disposal cost. Fair value is determined through the sales agreement or the value of the asset in active market under which the asset is traded or the availability of best information to reveal the amount at which the company can sell the asset. Further, the value in use in accordance with IAS 36 is the present value of future cash flows that is expected to be received from the CGU or the asset. Fair value measurement As per IFRS 13 fair value is determined through value of the asset in active market under which the asset is traded sales agreement availability of best information to reveal the amount at which the company can sell the asset Reason why the former accounting standards does not reflect the economic reality Nearly 1 out of 2 companies that use US GAAP or IFRS are affected by the changes in accounting. As per the current status, companies under US GAAP or IFRS have commitments and leased assets amounting to almost 3.3 trillion, out of which 85% are not reported in the balance sheet as they are treated as operating leases (Ifrs.org 2018). For compensating this, the investors generally include the estimates that are inconsistent, inaccurate and incomparable computations. Therefore, it is stated that the former accounting standards does not reflect the true economic reality. Mismatch in lease liability and reported debts As per the previous accounting standards, most of the companies reported 85% of their leases recognised the amount under operating leases and did not presented those under the balance sheet. Though the operating leases were not recorded under balance sheet, actually they created real liabilities (Lee and Hooy 2012). Therefore, during the period of financial crisis few major retail companies went bankrupt as they could not adjust the updated economic reality quickly. Further, they had considerable amount of commitments with regard to the long-term operating leases while their balance sheets were deceptively lean. Therefore, lease liabilities were 66 times more than the debt of balance sheet. Reasons why the Chairperson of IASB is in the view that under the previous accounting standard no level playing field was there among some airline entities The former systems of accounting for lease results into lack of comparability. The airline industries accounts most of their leases as operating leases and do not record it under the balance sheet. Therefore, an airline company that leases almost all their aircraft fleet seems very dissimilar from their competitor who purchase almost all their aircraft fleets even though in reality the financial obligations of both type of airline companies are very similar. Therefore, level playing field does not exist among these airline companies. With the introduction of new standard all the leases will accounted as assets and the lessees will account is as liability (Fit, Moya and Orgaz 2013). Therefore, it is expected that the problem will be resolved. Reasons why the Chairperson is in the view that the new standard will not be popular with everyone The changes in the standard will are expected to have impact on almost half of the listed companies and are not expected to be popular with all the companies. The reason behind this is that the changes are always controversial and can lead to warning effects with regard to adverse economic circumstances and costs associated with the system changes. Further, the companies must be ready to accept the considerable changes in income statement as well as the balance sheet due the changes in the new standard (Marshall 2016). Moreover, the changes may have bigger commercial impacts. For instance, various contractual arrangements and banking covenants tied with the financial statements of the company like profit targets for arranging the bonus payment to the employees or debt to equity ratio may required to get revised prior to implementation of the new standard. Further, all the departments of the business have to understand the impact of changes that includes the finance, IT, treasury, hum an resource, asset procurement and investor relation department. All these reasons will lead to unpopularity of the new accounting standard. Possibilities that the new visibility with regard to all the leases will result into better informed decision for investment As per the former accounting standard as most of the companies were treating the operating leases as off balance sheet items the users of financial statement or investors do not have entire picture of companys financial position and therefore they were not able to compare the companies that leases assets with the companies that buy assets (Jennings and Marques 2012). However, the new standard is expected to update the IFRS 16 and it is expected that it will widely outweigh the costs which in turn will result into better informed decisions for investment and will reflect the lease versus buy decisions in better way by the management. Reference Amiraslani, H., Iatridis, G.E. and Pope, P.F., 2013. Accounting for asset impairment.London: Cass Business School. Amiraslani, H., Iatridis, G.E. and Pope, P.F., 2013.Accounting for asset impairment: a test for IFRS compliance across Europe. Centre for Financial Analysis and Reporting Research (CeFARR). Andrews, R., 2012. Fair Value, earnings management and asset impairment: The impact of a change in the regulatory environment.Procedia Economics and Finance,2, pp.16-25. Bradken.com., 2018. Bradken. [online] Available at: https://bradken.com/ [Accessed 4 Jan. 2018]. Cotter, D., 2012.Advanced financial reporting: A complete guide to IFRS. Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Fit, M.., Moya, S. and Orgaz, N., 2013. Considering the effects of operating lease capitalization on key financial ratios.Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting/Revista Espaola de Financiacin y Contabilidad,42(159), pp.341-369. Ifrs.org., 2018. IFRS. [online] Available at: https://www.ifrs.org/ [Accessed 4 Jan. 2018]. Jennings, R. and Marques, A., 2012. Amortized cost for operating lease assets.Accounting Horizons,27(1), pp.51-74. Lee, C.H. and Hooy, C.W., 2012. Determinants of systematic financial risk exposures of airlines in North America, Europe and Asia.Journal of Air Transport Management,24, pp.31-35. Marshall, D., 2016.Accounting: What the numbers mean. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Ramanna, K. and Watts, R.L., 2012. Evidence on the use of unverifiable estimates in required goodwill impairment.Review of Accounting Studies,17(4), pp.749-780. Rennekamp, K., Rupar, K.K. and Seybert, N., 2014. Impaired judgment: The effects of asset impairment reversibility and cognitive dissonance on future investment.The Accounting Review,90(2), pp.739-759.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Swot of Starbucks and Coffee Bean free essay sample

Coffee Bean as compared, do not have that much franchise stores like Starbucks because they are not that profitable. 2) The Starbucks organization has strong ethical values and an ethical mission statement as follows,  Starbucks is committed to a role of environmental leadership in all facets of our business. They wish to change the lifestyle of the peoples and they have succeeded in doing so, once people wish to drink coffee the first brand that comes into the mind is â€Å"Starbucks† 3) Compared to Starbucks, Coffee Bean is involved in more community responsibilities and through this activity they have attracted more customers. ) Starbucks and Coffee Bean both face the same weaknesses because no matter how they innovate the new flavor, people’s taste might change in time, they can’t make much different changes on coffee, which is the weakness of this business. 5) Coffee Bean faces the problem of â€Å"franchise policy†, they do not construct it perfec tly and we can’t get the Coffee Bean shop anywhere just like Starbucks. We will write a custom essay sample on Swot of Starbucks and Coffee Bean or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 6) Starbucks is very good at taking advantage of opportunities. In 2004 the company created a CD-burning service in their Santa Monica (California USA) cafe with Hewlett Packard, where customers create their own music CD. Moreover, new products and services that can be retailed in their cafes, such as Fair Trade products. 7) Starbucks has the opportunity to expand its global operations. New markets for coffee such as India and the Pacific Rim nations are beginning to emerge. 8) Starbucks gained the opportunity because they have co-branding with other manufacturers of food and drinks, and brand franchising to manufacturers of other goods and services. Both have potential while Coffee Bean does not have it. 9) However, Coffee Bean still has a market potential because their taste is slightly different from Starbucks. Their prices are also cheaper than Starbucks, which makes their product more affordable to middle or lower class people. 10) Actually both companies face similar threats. Who knows if the market for coffee will grow and stay in favour with customers, or whether another type of beverage or leisure activity will replace coffee in the future? People will start to consider their health problems, some people are sensitive with caffeine so will these people change to drinking other beverages instead of coffee?

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

the devil and miss. Prym essays

the devil and miss. Prym essays The Devil and Miss. Prym by Paulo Coelho Coelhos books has touched my soul. I can see all my guilt, fears, pain, and above all my love. His simple style leaves me questioning myself, do you follow the path of good or evil? The story ( told in third person ) takes place in Viscos, a village that is very far from civilization and unmarked on the map. A place where the people living know that they will be the last generation settled there. There are no children left, a place where every day is the same. All people from Viscos know that there is no chance to change anything in their monotonous day to day life. But change is on the horizon, Chantal Prym is young orphan girl who is working as waitress in local hotel. She is the youngest person in the town, with bright blue eyes, long brown hair and smile that never leaves her face. She is able to receive sympathy from everyone and her indecision made a lot of worries and problems for her. The character of Chantal showed me strategies on how to deal with serious life questions concerning how to decide which path I should chose to follow. For example, how do you judge people around you? How do live life easier than before? The story begins with old Berta. As the oldest inhabitant of the village she is always sitting outside her front door as she has done for fifteen years. She always had the ability to express her spiritual skills after the death of her husband but, for first time she has a feeling that something bad is going to happen. Berta has a terrifying premonition when she sees a stranger approaching the villages only hotel, not because he is alone but because he is accompanied by inner demons. As the stranger arrives he carries with him a backpack containing a personal notebook along with eleven gold bars. What his gift to the villagers is a choice between good and evil. The result is the paths chosen by the unassuming villagers once conf...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Create a Steller Creative Strategy with These 10 Real-Life Examples

Create a Steller Creative Strategy with These 10 Reals As marketers, we constantly feel the pressure from our stakeholders, bosses, maybe even managers, to be creative. Not too creative to the point that your idea will get shut down, but creative enough that you are different (and better) than your competition. It sometimes can feel like they are asking you to mix oil and water. Ya feel me? Oh and don’t forget, your creative strategy has to work. To the point that you are confident in what you’re doing, you can prove the ROI, and figure out how to plan and execute the entire strategy. Take a deep breath because after reading this, instead of feeling like this†¦ You’ll feel like this. In this post you’ll learn everything you need to know about creative strategies, from how-to-write one, to successful, real-life examples that you can implement in your own workplace. Let’s get started! The Importance of a Creative Strategy You know creative strategies are important, probably because you were asked to make one, but you might not understand why  they are important. Creative strategies assist the company in reaching marketing goals, prove their ROI, and support business growth through a strategic and well-executed approach. Basically, your creative strategy is what, how, and why, you’re going to reach your marketing goals and business objectives. Without one, you risk losing sight of your projects, going over budget, and ticking off your stakeholders. 😠¨ How To Write The Best #Creative Strategy with @.How to Write the Best Creative Strategy Writing an entire creative strategy can be pretty intimidating, but don’t worry. I’ve broken it down step-by-step so it seems a little less daunting (hopefully). 1. Marketing Goals Before you come up with your creative strategy, you need to know what you’re trying to achieve by setting a marketing goal. Don’t worry about the how, that comes later... You’ll want your marketing goal to be S.M.A.R.T.😉 S.M.A.R.T. stands for specific, measurable, aspirational, realistic, and time-bound. Here’s an example of a S.M.A.R.T. goal: â€Å"I want to increase my conversion rate by 2% during Q4 2019.† 2. Marketing Key Performance Indicators It’s important that you know which metrics to measure when assessing your goal. In reality, you can’t prioritize every metric, because that would mean that all of your metrics have the same importance (and they shouldn’t be). KPIs are metrics that indicate progress towards a particular goal. Some examples of KPIs that you may be measuring are: Leads generated. Conversions. Revenue. Email list subscribers. Pageviews. Tying KPIs into our other example, the main metric that you would want to focus on is conversions. Make sense? Recommended Reading How to Select Marketing Metrics and KPIs to Monitor Pick a KPI or two that goes hand in hand with your goal and then focus on them. You’ll be surprised how much focusing in on a specific metric can help you reach your goal! Now that you’ve set your marketing goals, it’s time to find out who you’re marketing to. 3. Target Audience Define the ideal person that you want to buy your product or service. The better you know your target audience, the better you can market to them. Understand their needs and wants helps you get inside their minds to create a creative strategy that connects to them.Now you’re probably thinking, how can I apply what I know about my target audience to my creative strategy? Well†¦ Here’s a quick example. Let’s say your target audience are purchasers at hospitals and medical centers. To reach them, blasting out a commercial on TV showing your product line of highly niche medical equipment probably won’t help you reach your goal†¦ But, if you write content that can help your target audience solve real-life problems†¦ well, you get the point. There’s your creative strategy. It’s one and it’s based on attracting your target audience through content that helps them solve their problems. 4. Benefit This step is as simple as it sounds. Answer this: What benefit(s) does my target audience get from my product or service? If you don’t know the direct benefits, there’s no way your audience will understand the benefits. Make sense? Ask yourself these three things to make sure that you are hitting the nail on the head: How to Find the Direct Benefits of Your Product or Service What does my target audience gain from it? What problem does it solve? What is my competitive advantage? Let’s go back to our previous example. The medical equipment company would answer these questions to understand the benefit they provide to their customer: What does my target audience gain from my product or service? What problem does my product solve? What is my competitive advantage? 5. Support All the benefits you just listed are awesome, but they aren’t going to believe you unless they are backed up with some facts. Support your benefits so that people actually believe you. There are a number of different ways you can support your benefit in your creative strategy. Customer testimonials  are a great way to show that real people have used your product or service and prove it works! To get customer testimonials, you can directly ask customers or even use reviews that you get. Statistics are a quick and easy way to prove yourself. It can be as simple as stating â€Å"95% of customers said they would never go back to their old laundry detergent.† The stat deems you credible and persuades your audience to believe you. Using facts  in a creative strategy is very similar to adding a statistic. You see facts in creative strategies all of the time. â€Å"Recommended number one whitening toothpaste among dentists.† It’s a fact and it makes people trust the product. Lastly, demonstrating  how your product works can back up your benefits. Just make sure it actually works. 😉 We’ve all seen those OxiClean commercials†¦ Must I say anymore? 6. Positioning Brand positioning strategy  is a large project in itself. When you consider positioning in your creative strategy, make sure it aligns with your brand. The worst thing is when companies aren’t true to themselves. 7. Deliverables The deliverables of your project are going to be any tangible or intangible actions or tasks that direct the promotion of your product or service. Your deliverables are going to be based solely on the type of creative strategy that you are implementing. For example, a creative content strategy is going to look a lot different than a creative social media strategy. To prepare deliverables for your creative strategy, ask yourself: Who needs to be involved in this project? What tactics need to be implemented to reach our goal? What does the timeline look like to complete this project? You can save a ton of time on your project by using a template that has your entire project laid out with the click of a button. ’s task templates  are a simple way to create a workflow one time and apply it to all future projects. The tasks, due dates, and delegations are automatically assigned, so there won’t be any confusion in your project. This is how they work: First, you’ll want to create a task for every item that needs to be created before the project goes live. Next you’ll want to add the due dates of your project. Maybe you want to give it two months, or two weeks, either way you’ll be able to schedule the appropriate days in the task template. All you have to do is select the number of days before publish that each task should get done. Finally, assign the tasks and set approvals to make sure everyone knows what their role is within the project. ’s task template will save you a ton of time on implementing your creative strategies throughout the entire year. Now to the fun part, budgeting. 😉 8. Budget One thing that ticks off stakeholders more than a bad creative strategy is when that creative strategy goes over budget. But don’t worry, here’s all you need to know so that you don’t go over budget to fulfill your tactics! Steps to Keep Your Creative Strategy on Budget Choose your deliverables Accurately estimate how much each deliverable is going to cost Keep track of where your money is going at all times Drop strategies that aren’t performing well The biggest thing with budgeting  is to make sure you keep an eye on the money and the tactics so that going over budget never becomes an issue. Recommended Reading How To Create A Marketing Budget Plan 9. Executional Guidelines When being creative and doing this â€Å"out of the box,† sometimes we can forget about certain guidelines that our companies have. This step won’t apply to every marketing team. Most likely, if you are part of a larger corporation you will need to include it. This step ensures that your strategy follows any necessary guidelines so that your stakeholders don’t have to hand it right back to you. Pat yourself on the back because you officially know how to write a creative strategy. ðŸ™Å' You’re probably thinking okay great, I know how to write one, but that doesn’t help me think of creative concepts. Well, you’re in luck. If you want to see some successful IRL examples of creative strategies, keep on scrollin’. Types of Creative Strategies with Real Life Examples Getting asked to be creative is worse than the dawn of the blinking cursor. But good news, you wouldn’t be asked to come up with a creative strategy if you weren’t capable of it. So hold your head up high and go into this with an â€Å"I can do it† attitude. 💠ª It would take days to cover every type of creative strategy, so this blog post will cover the most prevalent topics with some killer examples. Content Nowadays everyone is doing content marketing. Well not everyone, but 53%  of businesses use content marketing and that is a lot of companies to compete against. 53% of businesses use content marketing. Use a creative strategy to make yours stand out!If you want to stand out from the rest of the companies, it’s your job to be more creative than them. Instead of using the traditional blogging method, here are a few out-of-the-box ideas to take your content marketing to the next level. Make your content useful. You’re probably thinking, I already do this. Chances are that you don’t as much as you could. Just because your content is educational, doesn’t mean it’s useful to your consumers. A few tips to make your content useful is to: Add helpful templates Make it actionable Use it as a discussion platform for your consumers to engage Use emotion. There’s nothing worse than reading a bone dry article. If it’s boring to write, chances are it’s just as boring to read. Make your consumers feel something when they read your content. Whether it’s humor, excitement, or happiness, adding some type of emotion will help your audience remember you. If you aren’t promoting the content that you are writing, people aren’t going to see it. In fact, you can use this little method to boost your social media traffic to your content by 192%. Be the expert. Before you write content for your next campaign, I challenge you to do double the research that you normally do. Make it your goal to have the most educational article that you possibly can. If you do this, people will be more likely to use your content as a reference than the other leading competitors. Them using you as a reference is a great way to get your foot in the door. 🚠ª Make Your Headlines Stand Out. â€Å"5x as many people read the headline as read the body copy.† - David Ogilvy Your headline is just as important as the copy underneath it. Make sure you are spending the time on your headline that it deserves. Make it catchy, enticing, and creative. If you need some help judging whether your headline will do the trick, try using the Headline Analyzer. Creative Content Strategy A company that slays the content marketing game is Sephora. Instead of a traditional blog, they created a content hub  for their customers to share beauty tips and product knowledge. It’s genius. Not only is it a useful resource for customers to go, but it drives them to their ultimate goal of selling product.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Leadership and Ethics for Managers Unit 4 DB SA First Week Essay

Leadership and Ethics for Managers Unit 4 DB SA First Week - Essay Example Leadership should be based on competence and not on gender. Also, the ideal type of leadership is not gender based but should be based on characteristics. True, masculine trait has it good qualities and so is the feminine trait. These traits should be combined to form a set of leadership qualities that should be idealized by both genders. I chose Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Oprah Winfrey. Hillary Clinton probably is one of the most powerful women in the United States and even in the world. She is smart, assertive and gracious and could be United States next President. She makes decision that affects the lives of many people both here and abroad. I also chose Oprah Winfrey not just for the success of her television show but also on the issues that she is advocating in her show. She also upholds positivity and learning and makes people believe in themselves. Oprah basically used her celebrity status to make a difference in other people’s lives. She may be very rich but she is not ostentatious and gives huge amount of money to

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing plan - Essay Example In the year 2000, there were 26.7 million visitors from different parts of US and 899000 foreign visitors. So the tourism industry has great potential in Arizona. There are a lot of places of tourist attraction in Arizona such as the 22 monuments and national parks (Grand Canyon National Park is the most popular park). There are specifically 14 state parks that are able to attract a million visitors each year. There are many camping sites on both private and public, ranches and farms (majorly in Tucson and Wickenburg). Navaho and Hopi are ideal places for shopping and sight seeing. The Salt River Lake is very ideal for boating while the red rock country of Sedona is unique in its own ways (ArizonaTourism). Because of the high potential of the tourism business, the business that I started a hotel called Tourist’s Paradise in Phoenix in the state of Arizona. Marketing Objectives Tourist’s Paradise has a total of 350 rooms with ten rooms being suites (used majorly by newly wed couples). This hotel started off 5 years ago but still not many people are aware about it as this is reflected in the number of visitations in the past five years. It has all the attractions for a tourist or a vacationer such as a bar, swimming pool, tennis court and gym. The expected profits have not been achieved and hence the marketing plan will be developed to increase visitations by 15%, increase day and night stay by 10 % (because that is where most of our revenues lie) and to have at least 5% repeat customers each year. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Spacious rooms Swimming pool Gymnasium Tennis Court Bar 10 suites Weaknesses Initially when the hotel came into being, proper marketing was not done A lot of people are not aware of this grandiose hotel It is very difficult to reduce prices when the operating costs are so high Threats Phoenix already has a lot of luxurious hotels such as Comfort Inn Phoenix West. Econo Lodge Phoenix Airport and Days Inn Phoenix Metrocenter (Booking ). These are very successful and well established hotels so Tourist’s Paradise faces a lot of competition from these hotels that that can also afford to charge lower prices Phoenix Hotel is our toughest competitor as it has 500 rooms (fully air-conditioned) with baths and patio pools. Its exotic resort-like atmosphere is the biggest attraction for visitors. Similarly The Camelback Inn in Phoenix Arizona is the perfect inn to spend winter vacations at. It has been built in a manner such that the visitors can enjoy the Arizonian clear blue skies and still experience the desert effect in winters (Abey). With such outclass hotels and inns, there is a lot for us to worry about. We have to come up with a feature of hotel to convince customers that our hotel is also special in some way and delivering this claim is the greatest challenge in order to have repeat customers. Opportunities The number of tourists visiting Phoenix is a lot each year. 13 to 15 million people visit Phoenix e ach year (VisitPhoenix). This is a great opportunity that can be capitalized upon With good service provided to customers, there are chances that they might come to our hotel again. Target Markets Demographics: People between the ages of 20-50 are the main target market. However children are more than welcome with their parents. Since we cannot cut down our costs, we cannot charge lower prices. So we are looking for people for an annual income of $20,000 or more. Our

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Most Influential Nba Players Essay Example for Free

Most Influential Nba Players Essay He would travel back and forth to school in a town called French Lick, where he excelled at basketball at an early age. Bird was a key component in his high schools basketball team, where he was the leading all-time scorer by the time he graduated in 1974. Larry Bird was drafted by the Boston Celtics with the sixth overall pick in the 1978 draft. The Celtics gave Bird a contract worth $3. 25 million over five years. Birds new contract made him the highest paid rookie in the history of team sports at that time. Bird averaged 21. points per game, and averaged 143 steals and 2,955 minutes per season played. He led the Celtics to 3 championships and was also awarded MVP (most valuable player) 3 times. After helping the Dream Team to Olympic glory, Bird announced his retirement from the game of basketball in 1992. Bird ended his career with 21,791 points, 8,974 rebounds, and 5,695 assists; he was elected to the Hall of Fame in 1998. Shortly after his announcement, he became an assistant coach with the Boston Celtics. At the end of his career Bird was making $23 million a year (Larry Bird Biography 1,2). Michael Jordan was an influential player in high school and in the NBA in the 1980s-1990s. He was born on February 17, 1963, in Brooklyn, New York. In 1975 Jordan enjoyed playing baseball and was on the little league team, leading them to the Little league World Series. Jordan was an exceptional pitcher at an early age. It wasnt till an older age when he realized what a good basketball player he was. In the Summer of 1984, Jordan made his first appearance at the Olympic Games as a member of the U. S. Olympic basketball team. In late 1984 Jordan joined the Chicago Bulls and led them to six national championships. He led the league in scoring with an average of 31. 5 points per game. Chicago recorded 61 wins, and Jordan then turned in one of the most dominating postseasons in NBA history, averaging 31. 1 points, 6. 4 rebounds, and 8. 4 assists per game. He became the first player since Wilt Chamberlin to score more than 3,000 points in a single season. Jordan was awarded MVP eight times, received NBA Rookie of the year award, and was selected for the All-Star Game. Jordan invested between $10 million and $20 million to become part-owner of the Charlotte Bobcats in 2006. He was named the teams Managing Member of Basketball Operations. Bobcats majority owner Robert Johnson sought Jordan for his basketball knowledge and management skills. In 2010, Johnson sold the team to Jordan. The sale made Jordan the primary owner of the Bobcats. Jordan was making $90 million a year at the end of his career (Michael Jordan 1,2). LeBron James has been an influential player in his high school and in the NBA from 2002-2013. LeBron James was born on December 30, 1984 in Akron, Ohio. James also had a tough childhood with his dad leaving him and his mom. He showed a talent for the sport of basketball at an early age and was known as a prodigy in high school. LeBron James attended St. Vincent-St. Mary High School in Akron, Ohio. As a freshman, James averaged 18. 0 points and 6. 2 rebounds per game, leading his team to a 27-0 record and a Division III state title. He started off his career on the Cleveland Cavaliers. He is now currently on the Miami Heat averaging 29. 7 points, 8. assists and 7. 3 rebounds per game, and he was selected to his sixth consecutive All-Star appearance. James became the first player since Oscar Robertson to have at least 40 points, 15 assists and 13 rebounds in a regular season game. James scored his 20,000th career point on March 13, the youngest player in NBA history to achieve such an accomplishment. LeBron has been awarded the MVP award 4 times and also is the youngest player to win the Rookie of the year award. At the end of this year James will make 60 million (LeBron James Biography 1,2). Larry Bird, Michael Jordan, and LeBron James are some of the most inspirational and energetic players in the NBA. They never lost the thirst to succeed and the preservation to win. They will go down in history as the definition of competition at its best. Through tough times and tragedy, they never gave up and pressed on. The reason for their well-known success has been nothing short of hard work and determination. Their will to win, has motivated many athletes and non-athletes alike to set goals for themselves and to reach them.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Declaration of Independence :: essays papers

Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is perhaps the most masterfully written document of Western civilization. This essay seeks to illuminate that artistry by probing the discourse microscopically at the level of the sentence, phrase, word, and syllable. By approaching the Declaration in this way, we can shed light both on its literary qualities and on its rhetorical power as a work designed to convince the American colonies they were justified in seeking to establish them as an independent nation. The introduction consists of the first paragraph a single, lengthy, periodic sentence: When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. Taken out of context, this sentence is general it could be used as the introduction to a declaration by anyone. Seen within its original context, however, it is a model of refinement, and suggestion that worked on several levels of meaning and allusion. This orients readers toward a favorable view of America and prepares them for the rest of the Declaration. It dignifies the Revolution as a challenge of principle. The introduction identifies the purpose of the Declaration as simply to ^declare^ to announce publicly in explicit terms the ^causes^ impelling America to leave the British Empire. Rather than presenting one side in a public controversy on which good and decent people could differ, the Declaration claims to do no more than a natural philosopher would do in reporting the causes of any physical event. The issue, it implies, is not one of interpretation, but one of observation. The most important word in the introduction is ^necessary.^ To say an act was necessary implied that it was impelled by fate or determined by the operation of foolproof natural laws. The Revolution was not merely preferable, defensible, or justifiable. It was as inescapable, as inevitable, and as unavoidable within the course of human events as the motions of the tides or the changing of the seasons within the course of natural events. The Revolution, with connotations of necessity, was particularly important because, according to the law of nations, recourse to war was lawful only when it became ^necessary.^ The notion of necessity was important that, in addition to appearing in the introduction of the Declaration, it was invoked twice more at crucial junctures in the rest of the text.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

African Americans Consequence Essay

The African Americans played a major role before and after the Civil War, beginning from 1861 to 1870, which helped shape the course and consequences of the Civil War. In determining how African Americans shaped the course and consequences of the Civil War, one must assess how African Americans were given more opportunities. Politically, African Americans began to have a role in voting and to have the President and Republican Party fight for their full freedom. Socially, the African American’s class began to be looked at differently. Ideologically, the African Americans were being looked at as equal and made sure that people knew they were people too. Although African Americans had to continue to fight for their equality, they did, in fact, shape the course and consequences of the Civil War by having political, ideological, and social actions. African Americans had no rights to vote or involve themselves in politics but that changed after the Civil War. Giving African Americans the right to vote shaped the consequences of the Civil War by African American’s views being looked at as well. On August 1865, the Convention of the Colored People of Virginia was proceeded which claimed that since African Americans are free, they deserve to vote (Doc H). The African Americans spoke of being given suffrage, and then they were given the right to vote. This shaped a consequence of the Civil War because the African American’s views were no longer over looked. During the Civil War, no one J. Crespo P a g e | 2 paid attention to what the African Americans wanted but afterward, they were granted the voice to speak about what they wanted. After being heard and given the right to vote, the African Americans had participation in Constitutional Conventions. A map shows the following: the participation of African Americans and Whites in Constitutional Conventions during 1867-1868 (Doc J). Politically, the whites did not want to be overtaken by the African Americans, so they had a larger participation to overrule the African Americans. The whites wanted a powerful Democratic Party that supported their wanting. The African Americans still participated in the conventions to make sure the Republic Party was strong enough to continue to give the African American their rights. African Americans participating in the Constitutional Conventions shaped one of the consequences of the Civil War by not letting whites take over the political system. Not only did the African Americans have a consequence politically with being heard and not having white supremacy, politically African Americans were also given their freedom. African Americans were being given their freedom. Politically, African Americans were being granted a change in society. Abraham Lincoln published a letter on August 26, 1863 that proposed the following: the African Americans as a whole, everywhere, should be granted their freedom for they fought for the North (Doc C). Abraham Lincoln was trying to persuade the Whites to agree on freedom for the African Americans in the United States. African Americans were being freed everywhere instead of just the North. Politically, this helped the African Americans tremendously because they were going to be freed everywhere. One of the consequences was African Americans being freed in the North, but then African Americans were going to be freed everywhere, including the South. After the letter sent out by Abraham Lincoln, the Republican Party decided to try to get an amendment that freed all African Americans. In 1864, the Republican Party’s platform stated the following: they wanted an Amendment to J. Crespo P a g e | 3 officially end slavery everywhere (Doc D). Politically, the African Americans were beginning to be seen as people throughout the nation. This consequence after the Civil War proved that African Americans were no longer going to be slaves anywhere. African Americans found their freedom with the help of the political power of Abraham Lincoln and Republican Party. Then the African Americans were socially looked at differently. The African Americans were no longer such a low class because people began to look at them differently and notice the good things about African Americans. Socially, the African Americans were being helped by the people. On July 30 1861 General Benjamin F. Butler reported to the secretary of the war stating the following: the African Americans should be free since they are a part of the North (Doc A). Socially, the North no longer presented the African Americans as property. This shaped the Civil War because the African Americans became part of the Union that fought for the North. Then after the Civil War was won and the African Americans were freed, their school system proved them socially equal and good as the whites. In March 1864, Charlotte Forten, an African American teacher in South Carolina Sea Islands, said the following: she spoke of how happy the African American children were to learn and how much knowledge they have attained (Doc E). Socially, the African Americans were no longer looked at as less smart than the Whites. The consequence of the Civil War with the African Americans socially with schools showed their equality to whites. Socially, the African Americans were no longer looked at as slaves or less knowledgeable. The African Americans, ideologically, were no longer looked as property. The African Americans were beginning to be looked at the same as the whites. The African Americans no longer were looked at as property. Ideologically, the African Americans caused a consequence of the Civil War to be looked at as people. On March 7, 1864 in The New J. Crespo P a g e | 4 York Times it stated the following: African Americans have gone through a drastic change to now be free Americans in the United States equal to the whites (Doc F). The African Americans were no longer the property they were once known of; African Americans were people just as the Whites. Ideologically, this proved that a consequence of the Civil War was the change of equality that African Americans had. After The New York Times had posted the article, Thomas Nast from Harper’s Weekly on August 5 1865 had posted the following: a picture of lady liberty standing next to an African American Union Solider asking â€Å"And Not This Man? † (Doc G). Ideologically, the picture proved that the people no longer were going to look at African Americans as property so they should be treated equal. The North wanted the South to have the same thoughts about African Americans. This set a consequence of the Civil War by having the African Americans no longer being looked at as slaves as they were when the war had begun. After the African Americans were no longer looked at as property, the African Americans made sure the Whites thought of them as people no matter what. African Americans were going to deal with racism and injustice but they made sure that the whites knew they were people also. Ideologically, the African American consequence after the Civil War was that African Americans are people, not slaves nor property. On August 20 1862 in New York during the resolution of African Americans in Newtown, African Americans stated the following: they wanted to make sure that the President knew that they were not going to leave because the United States was their country also that they were going to fight in for their freedom (Doc B). This constructed the course of the Civil War because the African Americans began fighting in the Civil War. Ideologically, African Americans were looked at as people in the nation of the United States to fight along the Whites for their freedom and country. After the Civil War, when African Americans were no longer slaves and granted their freedom, some J. Crespo P a g e | 5 whites resisted the full freedom of African Americans. In 1867 with Rebecca Parsons she went through the following: she went back to receive her kindred since she was a free slave but the owner would not allow her to because they were â€Å"his† (Doc I). Although, Parsons did not allow Rebecca her children it proved that Parsons realized she was also people because she demanded them back from him. Rebecca is no longer a slave who has to stand down, she also had rights which proved she is as equal as Parsons. Ideologically, after the Civil War this was a consequence by African Americans no longer being looked at differently because they were people also. African Americans ideologically created the course and consequence of the Civil War by being looked at as people and not slaves. African Americans shaped the course and consequences of the Civil War by ideological, social, and political reasoning. African Americans were known in the United States as slaves and property but they no longer were during and after the Civil War. They became people of equality to the whites in the United States. They no longer had no say in politics; they were given rights and opportunities to speak of their views. They no longer were viewed as property but people. Also, they weren’t the low class everyone had always labeled them as. African Americans helped the Union win the war to win themselves the freedom they deserved.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Impact of Technology on Young People

As a kid I would beg and beg to use the computer. †No. I'm on Facebook†, my sister would say in exasperation as I moaned at the unfairness of it all. She would sit in the corner of the room for hours upon end, her expressionless face lit up by the bright screen of the family computer. Always sulking with anger and frustration, yet enthralled by the on-goings within the world of the web. I wondered how something she enjoyed so much could affect her mood in the way it did. I would soon learn to understand this and experience the same teenage angst; a feeling that is certainly maximised by the negative effects of technology.Teens of the 21st century have grown up in a society where technology is constantly developing and upgrading. Its use in everyday life is becoming ever more prominent and it is used to such an extent that it is bound to have a considerable impact on the lives of the young. Mobile phones, games consoles, laptops, iPods. We are encouraged by giant corporati ons to demand the latest gadgets, often without considering their importance to us. As The Black Eyed Peas recently said, ‘this is the NOW generation’.The most popular application of modern-day technology is undoubtedly the internet. Young people are particularly keen on using social networks. Websites such as Facebook and Twitter are fantastic in the way they allow us to keep in touch with our friends. But what impact do these sites actually have on us? Well, I’ll begin telling you by dismantling the name ‘social media’. Ironically, these sites have more of an anti-social impact on teens than they do a social one. Their use is addictive by nature. Users often find themselves glued to the screens of their phones and laptops, while communicating with their friends online.Some teens don’t understand that you can actually have a real conversation with these ‘friends’ by getting off your ass and meeting up with them in the real world! It is laughable that a large number of teens genuinely believe social networking suffices as a form of real social activity. You can send people as many messages as you want, it won’t improve the people skills that you will need later in life. As entertaining as social networks may be, I believe that addictive technology like them is isolating individuals from society and nurturing a new generation of young adults with substandard social abilities.When I was originally introduced to Twitter, I saw it as a wonder of the internet. It was and still is a wonderful website. You can carefully tailor the information that is supplied to you by choosing who you wish to ‘’follow’’ and it works by bombarding you with a constant stream of information in a matter of seconds. Believe me, it has a very rich entertainment value. However, it can become extremely addictive and is often used excessively. I experienced this for myself last year. Very frequently, I wou ld come home and spend my time scrolling through my twitter feed for the remainder of the day.By over-using it, Twitter became a hindrance to both my school work and social life. So when I realised that I had to control my usage, I decided to take a break from all forms of social media. The 6 months that followed were hugely refreshing. I began to feel a lot happier and generally more energetic when I wasn’t glued to my laptop. Without a doubt, I advise other students to try out a similar solution. The cold turkey made me realise how technology impacts adversely on young people. For the first time in my life, I felt fortunate to still possess my ancient, battered Sony Ericsson. I was and am no longer jealous of those who flash about their expensive touch-screen whatever megapixel phones. I am glad that I’m unable to download the latest ‘’ios4 update’’. I use my phone to ring people because that’s the function that Alexander Graham Bell decided it would have.Children growing up today are immersed in technology while they are developing and still experiencing the joys of childhood. Many believe that it is vital they are taught about I.T. from an early age as it is such an integral part of modern society. As the internet is becoming ingrained in our lives, computer skills are clearly becoming vital. However, can we justify the encouragement of technology in a child’s life when the long-term effects of its use are yet to be uncovered? I don’t think so. Experts believe that technology can elevate a child’s exasperation, diminish their patience levels and hinder their writing and communication skills. I would go as far to say that parents who encourage and allow their children to use technology excessively are morally in the wrong.When we think back to our childhood, what memories stand out for us the most? For me, it is those long summer days that were spent outside. Being active. Exploring. Racin g go-karts. Building tree houses. Playing sports. These activities shaped us and built our characters. Without them we would be boring. And the truth is that overindulging in technology halts an active life. This technological generation endangers children from missing out on an important stage of their development. No one says ‘’remember that time I shot a load of Nazi zombies on Call Of Duty’’ .It is seriously worrying that a child would choose to confine him/herself to the realms of a virtual world rather than experience childhood as it should be. The impact of an unfulfilled childhood can be devastating in later life. This is another reason why the influence of technology should be controlled and moderated, especially in relation to young people.I expect the impact of technology on the young generation to become clearer at a later date. A divide may well emerge between the characteristics of those who were brought up under a technological influence and those who were shielded from technology during their childhood. A neurological divide, to be precise. In a survey released in 2011, 55% agreed with a statement that in 2020 the brains of young people would be â€Å"wired† differently from those over 35.The excessive use of technology may effectively cause this to happen. Because internet access is becoming increasingly efficient, we are constantly gaining a thirst for instant gratification. Online, we have access to innumerable content at incredible speeds. Our concentration span must be deteriorating as we now rely on a constant feed of information to satisfy our shallow brains. It’s quite sad that the immediate reaction to our problems is often simply ‘’I’ll google it’’ or ‘’Yahoo Answers will know this’’. We’ve stopped thinking about these problems ourselves. What’s the point? The answers are already there, on the internet. Perhaps, the deep thinking skills our ancestors once possessed are becoming lost upon the youth of today. Computers have begun to re-wire us with different intellectual capabilities.The same 55% in the survey of 2011 predicted that the youth of today would excel in mental processing and in searching effectively for information online. I would label these qualities as traits of a robot. Technology takes away our spirit and our ability to think for  ourselves. And by glancing around a typical group of students, you may observe a certain lack of atmosphere. You will notice some students who choose not to interact with each other, instead, all attention fixed on their phones. The sad reality is that these devices are responsible for de-humanising our society.Despite this, technology is constantly developing and often for a good outcome. But some might say that we were better off in the days when apple and blackberry were just fruit.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Market Entry Strategies

Market Entry Strategies How to launch the service Choosing an effective market entry strategy depends on a number of factors such as product and positioning portfolio practiced by other competitors in the industry (Blythe Zimmerman 2005, p.118). Home from Home Cooking can launch its new service by introducing the services at a reduced rate.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Market Entry Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This makes it easier for the business to penetrate the market by attracting new customers who prefer purchasing low priced products and services. Considering that there are many competitors in the industry, Home from Home Cooking should have prices lower than that of its direct competitors. To achieve this, Home from Home Cooking should develop efficient production techniques capable of reducing the overall cost of production. This is from the fact that, competitors might also opt to reduce their prices in order to maintain their customers. However, the competitors cannot manage to do so if the cost of production is higher compared to that of home from home cooking. This explains why the business should struggle at having lower production costs. The company should also focus of making improvements on the current products or service offering by the competitors. Apart from relying only on young families and professional people as its main customers, Home from Home Cooking should also enhance or position its product such that the smaller consumer segments can get attracted to the services offered by the company. External sources that will help launch the service The company can rely on a number of external sources to launch the new service. For example, the business can use sites like www.moneysupermarket.com (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2011, p.6). This site enables potential customers to make price comparisons. Thus, Home from Home Cooking should always ensure that the prices of the servi ces offered are slightly lower in relation to the competitors’ prices found at the site. The company should also make extensive use of other sites like www.toptable.com that provide customers with information on the state of the service offering by the business (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2011, p.7). Identification of helpful wholesalers Home from Home Cooking can collaborate with locally available producers like Osterley’s farmers market. Additionally, the business should develop good relations with large supermarkets like Tesco. This will provide mutual benefit to both companies. Home from Home Cooking will benefit by experiencing increased demand. However, Tesco will get an opportunity of stocking a wider variety of British classics and eventually generate more sales.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Partners to help gain market entry Local b usiness providers like GlaxoSmithKline and the British Sky Broadcasting can offer significant benefits to Home from Home Cooking, even as the new company struggles to gain entry to the market. The new business should also partner with television stations like BBC so that it becomes easier to advertise company’s products and services through popular television programs like â€Å"The Great British Food Revival†. Promoting the business Home from Home Cooking can use different tactics to promote its services. For example, the business can place advertisements in food magazine and also distribute the company’s business cards to potential customers. This will not only inform customers about the products and services offered by the business, but will also provide them with business contacts. Launch evening with food tasting and wine When launching the new business, Home from Home Cooking should ensure that food and drinks are of good taste. This will enable the compan y to witness high rate of customer return even after launching the service. As a result, the business will also manage to maintain its market share and survive the increasing competition. References Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2011, The United Kingdom: A diverse Foodservice  Sector. Web. Blythe, J., Zimmerman, AS 2005, Business-to-business marketing management: a  global perspective, Thomson Learning, London.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Latin Death Words - Say Youre Dead

Latin Death Words - Say Youre Dead Here are some expressions from Classical Latin dealing with death. In general, the infinitives need to be conjugated. [The infinitive is like the English form of the verb with to in front of it, as in to die, to kick the bucket or to push up daisies. Conjugation here refers to putting the proper ending on the verb, depending on who is doing the dying. In Latin this involves more than adding or removing a final s as we do in English to change he dies to they die or she pushes up daisies to you push up daisies.] Leave This Life If you want to refer to someones departure from life, you could use a conjugated version of one of the following phrases: [(de) vita] decedere(ex) vita excedereex vita abiremortem obirede vita exirede (ex) vita migrare Give Up the Ghost In Latin you can give up the ghost by saying: animam edere or efflareextremum vitae spiritum edere Before Ones Time Someone who dies before his time dies in these ways: mature decederesubita morte exstinguimors immatura or praematura Suicide Committing suicide can be done in a variety of ways. Here are Latin expressions connoting self-inflicted death. mortem sibi consciscerese vita privarevitae finem facere Suicide by Poison Taking poison for suicide: veneno sibi mortem consciscerepoculum mortis exhaurirepoculum mortiferum exhaurire Violent Murder Killing someone violently: plagam extremam infligereplagam mortiferam infligere Noble Suicide A patriotic Roman death might be described using the following: mortem occumbere pro patriasanguinem suum pro patria effunderevitam profundere pro patriase morti offerre pro salute patriae Source C. Meissners Latin Phrase Book

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Sports Theory Lesson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sports Theory Lesson - Essay Example Students to learn about health and fitness of the human body To know and understand the working of the various systems of the body and their correlation To understand how to take care of the human body and how to restore vitality of the human body White board Charts and presentation slides Students to learn what sport testing is all about and the various ways it helps in effective sport competition Students will look into the science behind training. Students will also learn how to optimise their training time and exercises Students will be able to understand how the body functions at different levels of exercise. The students will also establish their real and optimal training zones Internet Interactive white board Laboratory Learners will be able to identify common sporting injuries and prevention techniques. Students will learn to identify and categorise sport injuries. Students will also look into preventive measures that can be adopted to minimize the risk of injury during spor ts. The students will also learn how to deal with injuries sustained during sports both psychologically and physically All learners will be able to identify common types of injury and categorise them as per severity and recurrence. The students will in addition be able to identify ways to reduce injuries during preparation, while playing and in between sporting activities. Internet Interactive white board Research analysis

Friday, November 1, 2019

Criminal Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Criminal Evidence - Essay Example s the right â€Å"to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The common arguments have been that it is illegal to conduct a search without a search warrant on the part of the law enforcement officer. Although the provisions of the Fourth Amendment hold that the right of a person against illegal searches is inviolable, there are exemptions to the enforcement of this right. Apprehensions on the road are one of the areas where the person may not legally invoke the Fourth Amendment1. In the case of Pennsylvania v Mimms2, the court rules that drivers and passengers have no Fourth Amendment right not to be ordered out of their vehicle once a proper stop is made. According to the case of California v Carney3, â€Å"The Constitution affords a lesser degree of protection for a vehicle than a residence because of the vehicle’s ready mobility†¦Ã¢â‚¬  However, the decision of this case should be tempered with the test of reasonableness enunciated under the case of Delaware v Prouse4 where the Court warned that there must be a reasonable ground for stopping the vehicle such as the reasonable suspicion that the driver do not have a license and that the vehicle is not registered. A law enforcement officer manning traffic should not just arbitrarily stop vehicles without just cause as this is a clear violation of the Fourth Amendment right of the driver and the passengers. In case of Maryland v Wilson, the Court ruled that where the driver has committed a â€Å"minor vehicular offense† there is no reason to stop and detain the passengers. However, since technically, the passengers have already been stopped when the vehicle was stopped, the fact that they are requested by the law enforcement officers to disembark from the vehicle is of little concern. In the case of Michigan v Long it was ruled that an officer making a traffic stop may order passengers to get out of the car pending completion of the stop. In connection

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Business Ethics - The Enron Scandal universal ethics point of view- Case Study

Business Ethics - The Enron Scandal universal ethics point of view- - Case Study Example The accounting fraud that would eventually come to be known as the Enron scandal was a creative, institutional, and systematic plan (Malcolm, 2008). Parties that took part in concealing Enron’s real financial condition were well known to the company. In this respect, the bid to address the underlying situation becomes an institutional process. To start with, the company’s corporate governance had failed. Instead of hiding this failure, stakeholders could have been consulted on ways to foster and enhance corporate governance. By virtue of business operations, shareholders and all other stakeholders for that matter deserved to know the actual direction that the company was taking. Board effectiveness, qualification, integrity, responsibility, and accountability were highly questionable. These aspects only came to light at a time when it was impossible to salvage the company. Given that business operations are profit-driven and that profits can undoubtedly attract unethical practices, there was need to vet and audit board operations from time to time. In so doing, the underlying issues were set to be identified before it was too late. The situation can, therefore, be addressed by taking measures to ensure that the company does not run independent of shareholders and other interested stakeholders. Conflicting interests were highly evident in the Enron case. Arthur Andersen played two roles in Enron; that of an auditor and that of a consultant (Malcolm, 2008). The direct implication is that one role relatively jeopardized the other, given that the same party undertook both roles. This situation stands to be addressed by ensuring that the two roles are handled by two independent parties. Ultimately, the management is to blame. This is because it downplayed the underlying risks of having an auditing firm that still offered consultation services to the same company. Financial entities that maintained an off-book relationship

Monday, October 28, 2019

Russia Pestel Essay Example for Free

Russia Pestel Essay Recent dissolution of the form Communist state of the Soviet Union to the Russian Federation. Russia’s economy is in transition from a a state-controlled to a market-controlled economy. †¢Vladimir Putin, moved to reduce the political influence of oligarchs soon after taking office, forcing some into exile and prosecuting others. Bbc Still strained relationship between the Russian Federation and the West (U.S) rooted from the cold war Uncertainty of control within the Russian government 2003 October Billionnaire Yukos oil boss Mikhail Khodorkovsky arrested and held in custody over investigations into tax evasion and fraud. Mr Khodorkovsky had supported liberal opposition to President Putin. (bbc) The energy giant Gazprom is close to the Russian state and critics say it is little more than an economic and political tool of the Kremlin. Existing taxes on oil companies * Royalty (6-16% of gross revenue).  * Mineral resource tax (10% of gross revenue less the value of the taxpayer spending on exploration). * Excise tax (66 rubles/tonne of oil, equal to 2.5%, according to calculations of the Ministry of Finance based on the weighted average price of Russian oil and taking into consideration export and domestic sales). http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-99/issue-33/special-report/the-russian-oil-gas-industry-analysis-raises-questions-about-russian-tax-proposal.html Uncertainties about legal rights, infrastructure, ownership, and liability have slowed development despite the high hopes of many western corporations. http://archive.greenpeace.org/climate/arctic99/reports/blackice-8.html Yet, by end of 1998, the oil industry was fully privatized, substantially  deregulated, and had undergone significant internal restructuring (see Table 1 below). Even more recently, the Russian government has adopted (1998-2000) and enacted (1999-2002) a new Tax Code that by most accounts exceeds Western standards.5 For example, it introduced a 13 percent flat tax on personal income, capped corporate contributions to the social insurance fund, reduced the profits tax (a.k.a. corporate income tax) rate from 35 to 24 percent, abolished turnover taxes (as of 2003), tied export tariffs directly to the price of oil, and established new accounting procedures that are on par with International Accounting Standards Foreign Investment policies The Yukos crisis began when Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky, chief executive of Yukos and Russias richest man, was jailed at gunpoint Oct. 25 on charges of fraud, forgery and tax evasion. Mr. Khodorkovsky insists his arrest and the prosecution of other large Yukos shareholders are politically motivated. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/03/world/signs-of-damage-control-in-russia-s-oil-scandal.html Tax and royalties http://new.aibse.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Patton2008.pdf

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Internet Users Turn Addicts :: essays research papers

If you're an Internet user, you know who you are. They are among all of us in society, although many may choose to not acknowledge that they too, frequently use the Internet. As I sit here and look across the street, I see a man in front of his own computer; the screen glowing against the window behind him. He does not use his personal computer for work, he is a farmer. He has become what is known as an "Internet Junky".The addiction begins innocently. At the start, you are not even aware of the possibilities that may form from your excessive computer use. You begin to take an avid interest in e-mailing with your friends and family. Once the novelty of keeping in touch with your colleagues wears off, and researching starts to bore you, you may possibly expand your computer usage to chatting. Yes, chatting. It is something that is becoming more acceptable in our lives, but it is still looked down upon by many skeptics. Chatting through the Internet involves choosing an appropriate nickname for yourself (IE: Fisherman), and then finding a room where you feel compelled to spend time in. Once you've entered the room, other fellow chatters may say, "Hello...a/s/l (age/sex/location) please." And so begins the addiction. Once you become involved in meeting people online, it is difficult to break such a habit. You may even make a daily habit of it. People have been found to carry out exactly the same behavior, not only across the nation, but across the globe. In any one room, you may come across people from five different countries of the world. Granted, not everyone who stays online for hours on end, are enveloped in chatting, but it is more often then not, the cause for Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD). (Goldberg, MD)The prevalence of Internet Addiction Disorder has been increasing in number, hence a support group, among many, The Internet Addiction Support Group (IASG) has been developed. IAD, a "maladaptive" pattern for Internet use, is leading to impairment and/or distress caused by three (or more) of the following, at any time in a period of one year: "A) A need for markedly increased amounts of time on Internet to achieve satisfaction, B) Markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of time on Internet.", C) Reduction in Internet use which has been prolonged. (Goldberg,

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Creating Brochure Using Photoshop

Most of us think that creating the brochure is the quite simple task and most of us doesn't think too much of allocating the time to It. But It is not so creating the brochure can make the work cumbersome.. Brochure Is the silent but the most powerful weapon in the marketing field. It helps in promoting the products. So using the time wisely for preparing the brochure makes the work quite simple.Firstly we have to have a clear idea on what is to be included into the brochure, you need to get the specifications of the brochure such as dimensions of paper, trimming, folding, or facial cuts and the most of those things will depend on the budget allocated by the client. Now we shall look how to prepare a brochure In a photos. Firstly the photos software Is to be ready on your system. Ђ Next the piece of paper has to be folded into three sides and then that would make you easy to know which side of the paper would be the main frame and middle and the last frame. Open the new document in the photos in which the dimension as per required. Select the appropriate document which is suitable for the printing out. Ђ Next place all the images that are required In the brochure which makes the brochure attractive. Ђ Place all the matter which Is relevant does not place whole matter In the brochure It should be should precise and sharp such that it should attract the viewers. Next open the other new document same as the above required dimensions that is middle section of your brochure. Now take the print of the first side and place the paper again for the back side and that would finish your brochure.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Character Sketch of Daniel from Daniels Story

Character Analysis: ____chapter 3__________________ Your task is to choose a character from the novel and draw a picture of them in the first box. Surround your picture with quotes from the novel, as well as adjectives describing their appearance. Next, describe your character’s personality, family, and the conflicts he/she is facing in the story. You must have at least 5 points in each category and evidence from the novel. For example: Daniel is a ‘†free spirit† because in Chapter 3 he disguises himself as a Hitler Youth and travels throughout Frankfurt, doing all of the things he isn’t allowed to do.Physical Traits (What does your character look like? ) 12 – 13 years old. â€Å"I had to be who I was – Daniel, a twelve-almost thirteen-year-old Jewish boy who carried an I. D. Card stamped with a big J â€Å"(p 28) â€Å"How I had loved skiing – the speed, the cold, the daring† (p 24) Personality (What kind of person are th ey? ) â€Å"She’s not only beautiful, though, it’s that her inner calm and sweetness shine through her eyes. I love to photograph her† (p 20). (mother) -finds beauty within, caring, enjoys photography, They aren’t all so bad, Mother,† I say, trying to make her feel better. How can I tell her that I’m looking through them to try to make sense of this nightmare? I can’t let her see how upset I am. It would only make her more miserable† (p 21) -Caring, hides feelings from mother, devoted, kind, empathetic, compassionate, concerned, thoughtful, â€Å"I remember Auntie Leah giving me Uncle Peter’s camera when she and her children moved in with us after they took Uncle Peter away†¦ and the first thing we did was turn one of the closets into a darkroom.Then I read every book I could on photography until I felt ready to begin taking pictures† (p21) -Brave for starting a darkroom when photos were banned. Ambitious, moti vated, excited about photography, hard working, knowledgeable, patient as he gathers knowledge, likes to be prepared, responsible, cautious, â€Å"I felt it was my duty to take over his responsibility as the family photographer. † Friedrich and I made a pact that we would photograph everything we could as a record of our ill treatment by our fellow Germans† (p 21). Trying to compensate/ take pictures in memory of his Uncle Peter, gathering proof/evidence of German behaviour, historian, loyal, responsible, reliable, trustworthy, makes promises and keeps promises, I remember powdering my face with flour as she and Erika were working and then shouting ‘boo’ at them. †¦ it felt good to be scolded about something ordinary like that – I think it made me feel that things were ordinary† (p25) -trying to remain positive, make life feel normal, prankster, joker, comedian, humour,

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Geography of Ancient Greece

Geography of Ancient Greece Greece, a country in southeastern Europe whose peninsula extends from the Balkans into the Mediterranean Sea, is mountainous, with many gulfs and bays. Forests fill some areas of Greece. Much of Greece is stony and suitable only for pasturage, but other areas are suitable for growing wheat, barley, citrus, dates, and olives. It is convenient to divide ancient Greece into 3 geographical regions (plus islands and colonies): (1) Northern Greece,(2) Central Greece(3) The Peloponnese.​ I. Northern Greece Northern Greece consists of Epirus and Thessaly, separated by the Pindus mountain range. The chief town in Epirus is Dodona where the Greeks thought Zeus provided oracles. Thessaly is the largest plains area in Greece. It is almost surrounded by mountains. On the north, the Cambunian range has as its highest mountain the home of the gods, Mt. Olympus, and nearby, Mt Ossa. Between these two mountains is a valley called the Vale of Tempe through which runs the Peneius River. II. Central Greece Central Greece has more mountains than northern Greece. It contains the countries of Aetolia (famed for the Calydonian boar hunt), Locris (divided into 2 sections by Doris and Phocis), Acarnania (west of Aetolia, bordered by the Achelous River, and north of the Gulf of Calydon), Doris, Phocis, Boeotia, Attica, and Megaris. Boeotia and Attica are separated by Mt. Cithaeron. In northeast Attica is Mt. Pentelicus home of the famous marble. South of Pentelicus is the Hymettus mountain range, which is famous for its honey. Attica had poor soil, but a long coastline favoring trade. Megaris lies in the Isthmus of Corinth, which separates central Greece from the Peloponnese. The Megarans raised sheep and made woolen products and pottery. III. Peloponnesus South of the Isthmus of Corinth is the Peloponnese (21,549 sq. km), whose central region is Arcadia, which is a plateau over mountain ranges. On the northern slope is Achaea, with Elis and Corinth on either side. On the east of the Peloponnese is the mountainous Argolis area. Laconia was the country in the basin of the Eurotas River, which ran between the Taygetus and Parnon mountain regions. Messenia lies to the west of Mt. Taygetus, the highest point in the Peloponnese. Source: An Ancient History for Beginners, by George Willis Botsford, New York: Macmillan Company. 1917.