Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essays -- A Dolls House Essays

Henrik Isben?s A Doll?s House is the story of a man and a charwoman who have been married for eight years but are not really in love. Although at the first of the story we see a regular family, underneath there lies a dark secret. Torvald Helmer, the husband, is a lawyer who has been unsuccessful in the past because he would not accept a shady case. This has stage the couple and their children in a great financial struggle and this forces him to turn elsewhere for employment. He ends up working at a local bank, lay an end to the family struggle. At the start of the story we see Nora Helmer, his wife, coming in from town with several small wrapped packages and a Christmas tree. She is a very infantile acting woman but on the same note, she is also very deceptive and cunning. Nora has kept a secret from her husband ever since they moved from their experience home. Torvald was very sick and Nora was pregnant with their first child. Nora?s convey was on his deathbed as wel l. Torvald?s doctor confided in Nora that if Torvald didn?t move south therefore he was going to die. Since they hadn?t the money to do so, Nora takes it upon herself to borrow the money, which was not allowed solely by a woman. In order to get the loan she and her father had to sign the papers. Seeing her father?s condition, she forged his signature. She told her husband that the money was a gift from her father so he would not feel obligated(predicate) to her forever. The money that Nora borrowed is almost paid off at this point and she was excited. Then the story takes a sudden turn. According to Maurice Valency, ?Nora as yet the earnest and innocent child who was sure there could be no harm in forging her father?s signature, provided her motives were good? (253). The man from who... ...er inability to be certain and all that had occurred.BibliographyWorks CitedDowns, Brian. test Date 1950. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 37 pg 239-243.Isben, Henrick. A Doll? s House. 1879. Kirszner & Mandell. Literature Reading, Reacting, Writing. Fourth Edition. Harcourt College Publishers.Northam, John. Essay Date 1960. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 37, pg. 249.Salome, Lou. Essay Date 1892. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 37, pg. 226-231.Thomas, David. Essay Date 1983. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 37, pg. 258-260.Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 8, pg. 140-141.Valency, Maurice. Essay Date 1963. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 37, pg. 253Weigand, Hermann J. Essay Date 1925. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 37 pg. 233-235.

Group Climate Essay -- essays research papers

Group ClimateGroup climate consists of the overall aspect that is displayed within a group. This includes the aspects of honesty, openness, consistency and respect according to Teamwork by Lefasto and Larson. When evaluating the characteristics of group climate in a aggroup, the most prevalent component to examine is trust. devote yields respect, acknowledgement, cohesiveness, a bridge between cultural differences and above all else, sensitivity to ideas being expressed so a consensus shadower be reached. However, as pointed come forth by Teamwork, trust is extremely fragile. If trust can be maintained and non breached, a team has defeated one of the few obstacles that inhibit the team from attaining their ultimate goal. This is because trust breeds belief in other team members, respect in their actions, and efficiency, as the group will not have to spend peculiar(a) time ironing out problems that may arise when a breach of trust occurs.Due to trusts fragility, a breaking of trust can come do to a number of seemingly insignificant circumstances. Such circumstances include a member coming late to a meeting, not being prepared, presenting illogical and not well thought-out ideas, inconsistency in behavior, holding back opinions, etc. In order to avoid such circumstances, team members essential have a clear vision of their goal and have a certain degree of zeal concerning the purpose of their task. To create these two ideals, it is suggested that the first act a group collaborates to achi...

Strategic Plan :: essays research papers

PartnershipsBecause public and private interests in downtown are so inextricably entwined, it is essential that all told interested parties work cooperatively to identify and achieve shared objectives. Both public and private investments shape the character of the downtown environment in terms of how it looks and how it functions. Only if these investments are coordinated can maximum benefits be obtained. When the Center City foreign mission initiated a strategic plan in 1999, it was responding to the recognized claim for a collaborative planning process that both articulated long-range directions for downtown Memphis and identified short-range action steps to help reach those goals. ii years later, the results of that effort are impressive. In addition to millions of dollars in private and public investment for capital projects, Downtown Memphis has managed to retainAlso significant is the perk up improvement in public perceptions of Downtown as measured in the survey conduc ted by the Center City Commission.While the progress has been considerable, challenges remain, and new trends and influences incur both opportunities and threats to continued prosperity for Downtown Memphis. In light of this, the 2002 strategical Plan Update planning process was initiated for the purpose of re-examining the issues and priorities established in 1999 Strategic Plan and developing an action plan for the next five to seven years. The process of preparing the Revised Strategic Plan and fulfilling the aforementioned goals was heavily staff set but a number of groups were involved in the refinement of the work product and the adoption of the recommendations. Public Meetings throughout the City were held to give downtown stakeholders (property owners, business organisation owners, developers, residents) the opportunity to share their visions and to review the proposed goals of the Center City Commission.In addition to the input from the public meetings, many interested citizens wrote letters to the Center City Commission and completed a survey that was placed on our website, www.downtownmemphis.com.Survey results----The long-term goals for the development of the Central Business Improvement District reflect the publics value of some very basic items, such as safety, transportation, usability, and appearance. The goals also reinforce the publics appreciation of several major anchors within Downtown the Riverfront, the Main Street Mall, center city neighborhoods, and cultural attractionsthat make Memphis unique. A Thriving Central Business DistrictBackground on Economic Conditions.(information rancid of our Fact Sheets)HousingOfficeRetailQuality of LifeTourismSustaining Main Street MallThe single most important element in any downtown is its Main Street, the street where retail activity should be concentrated.

Media :: essays research papers fc

Media Awareness The case that I decided to focus on is an older abuse case, but it has recently been resolved in the courts. It is a child abuse case involving James and Bonnie Zeleski. They were both charged with abusing their infant daughter. The child was brought to the infirmary with a fracture in each leg, a fracture in each arm, a thigh fracture, three broken ribs, a ripped esophagus, pneumonia, malnourished and some(prenominal) other cuts and bruises. The girl was transferred to an Omaha hospital. The father, James, was charged on June 3, 1998 with Class 4 Felony Child Abuse. His wife, Bonnie, was later charged and convicted of a Class 3 Felony. James was sentenced to three long time probation and six months in jail. His wife was sentenced to 15 to 18 months in prison. I think that this case was fairly portrayed by the media. I know at the time, there were several letters to the editor and opinion printed on the subject, but the Grand Island Independent seemed to be fair and stick to the facts. It was a horrible offensive activity and I think they did a good job being unbiased. I think that it is a good appraisal to publicize crimes like this. From my other studies, I have learned that the informal sanctions, public humiliation and shame, are far more effective than the formal sanctions in preventing crime. When people who are having a concentrated time dealing with being a parent see something like this in the media, they may stop to think about their actions. A good idea would be to run several articles on where parents can go to for help. The combination of the two, may help prevent this from happening to another child. As a get I have a definite interest in this crime. I cannot even begin to understand how anyone could do something like that to someone so helpless. I am also interested in this case from the legal perspective and how the case was resolved in the court system. I personally think that the sentencing was real lenient. I think this is a good activity. I studied journalism for a while and I am very aware of how the media can extend a situation.

Violence in the Media Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Violence in the Media Gina Marchetti, in her essay Action-Adventure as Ideology, argues that action- possibility films implicitly convey complex cultural messages regarding Ameri backside values and the white American status quo. She continues to say that all action-adventure movies have the same basic structure, including plot, theme, characterization, and iconography. As ideology, this film genre tacitly expresses social norms, values, and morals of its time. Marchettis essay, written in 1989, applies to films such as Raiders of the Lost Ark and Rambo First Blood II. However, action-adventure films today seem to be straying farther away from her publicizations about structure, reflecting new and different cultural norms in America. This changing ideology is depicted best in Oliver Stones Natural born(p) Killers (1994), which defies nearly every concept Marchetti proposes about action-adventure films and it sets the stage for a whole new viewpoint of action in the 90s. Until recently, most action-adventure films, to some extent, fit Marchettis general guidelines. In the case of iconography, she states that all action-adventure films are set in exotic locations, for example decaying temples or rainforests. Most modern American films, though, are set in American cities and towns in which much violence occurs. Natural Born Killers is filmed entirely in New Mexico, Arizona, and Illinois, with dry desert land forming most of the opthalmic scenery. Why is America no longer as interested in exotic and foreign places? Perhaps the modern movies are more realistic, and therefore can solve real American social problems in the realm of fantasy. In the case of characterization, Marchetti claims that the most st... ...sening up in this country, although not quite to the extreme as in Natural Born Killers. Despite the controversy caused by the assumed message that killing is cool, there is important ideology embedded within the film. thither is sanity within the i nsane. The film, in a sense, displays the consequences caused by the suppression of the inner, free soul. Weve all seen instances of people cracking under the pressures of modern society. Im not suggesting that we live the likes of wild animals, but I do think that Natural Born Killers is an excellent movie which made a natural attempt to kill banner ideology. Works Cited Natural Born Killers. Dir. Oliver Stone. With Woody Harrelson, Juliette Lewis, Tommy Lee Jones, and Robert Downy Jr. Warner Bros., 1994. Marchetti, Gina. Action-Adventure as Ideology. Cultural Politics in Contemporary America, 1989.

Violence in the Media Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Violence in the Media Gina Marchetti, in her essay Action-Adventure as Ideology, argues that action- adventure films implicitly convey complex cultural substances regarding American values and the white American status quo. She continues to say that all(prenominal) action-adventure movies have the same basic structure, including plot, theme, characterization, and iconography. As ideology, this film genre tacitly expresses social norms, values, and morals of its time. Marchettis essay, written in 1989, applies to films such(prenominal) as Raiders of the Lost Ark and Rambo First Blood II. However, action-adventure films today seem to be straying farther away from her generalizations about structure, reflecting spic-and-span and different cultural norms in America. This changing ideology is depicted best in Oliver Stones Natural Born Killers (1994), which defies nearly every concept Marchetti proposes about action-adventure films and it sets the stage for a whole new viewpoint of a ction in the 90s. Until recently, most action-adventure films, to some extent, fit Marchettis general guidelines. In the fountain of iconography, she states that all action-adventure films are set in strange locations, for physical exertion decaying temples or rainforests. Most modern American films, though, are set in American cities and towns in which much violence occurs. Natural Born Killers is filmed tout ensemble in New Mexico, Arizona, and Illinois, with dry desert land forming most of the visual scenery. Why is America no longer as interested in exotic and foreign places? Perhaps the modern movies are more realistic, and therefore can solve real American social problems in the realm of fantasy. In the case of characterization, Marchetti claims that the most st... ...sening up in this country, although not quite to the extreme as in Natural Born Killers. Despite the controversy caused by the assumed message that killing is cool, there is important ideology embedded w ithin the film. There is sanity within the insane. The film, in a sense, displays the consequences caused by the suppression of the inner, free soul. Weve all seen instances of people cracking under the pressures of modern society. Im not suggesting that we live like wild animals, but I do think that Natural Born Killers is an sensitive movie which made a natural attempt to kill standard ideology. Works Cited Natural Born Killers. Dir. Oliver Stone. With Woody Harrelson, Juliette Lewis, Tommy Lee Jones, and Robert Downy Jr. Warner Bros., 1994. Marchetti, Gina. Action-Adventure as Ideology. Cultural Politics in Contemporary America, 1989.

Assignment IKEA Case Study Essay

IKEA is a Swedish-owned global business founded in 1943. The business generates annual revenues of 27 billion euros and employs 139,000 people in 298 stores and 26 countries. The values and design philosophy of the founder continue to underpin the brand. These values might be summed up as frugal, democratic, environmentally aware, and design oriented. IKEA has become correspondent with Swedish lifestyle. The stores are virtually identical across the globe and sell a range of globally sourced flat-packed furniture products as well as a range of related furnishings for the homethe stores offer customers a Swedish experience by incorporating restaurants and a variety of customer services intended to simplify the shop process (e.g., childcare).What is interesting about IKEA is that customers have become a signifi tooshiet part of the value creating processcustomers play a differentiate role in terms of logistics and in production. By performing the assembly of the flat-packed furniture , customers complete the final stages in the production process. In terms of logistics, the customer moves goods from wareho utilization-style storage through the checkout, and then(prenominal) transports the goods home. The trade-off for the consumer is lower prices and immediate gratificationfurniture is typically sold using just in time (JIT) inventory management, which means that once a customer has placed an order, the furniture then goes into production and is delivered to the customers home some 34 months later.IKEAs senior management has in the past pursued an aggressive involution policy, but management is currently changing direction, adopting a slower rate of expansion and investing in real stores. The company plans to increase sales by 10% a year to 2020, thereby doubling annual sales revenues. Management is concerned about how expansion in the BRIC countries, particularly India and China, is pursued. There are fears about preserving the companys culture in these huge markets (Milne, 2013).Sourceshttp//www.ikea.com/ms/en_US/this-is-ikea/company-information/index.htmlMilne, R. (2013, September 1). Ikea signals slower expansion. Financial Times.What do you think? What would you do? What problems do you foresee and how exit this impact IKEAs Swedish concept? Please recommend a marketing solution that will help IKEA achieve growth in either India or China based on your understanding of the place P and how delivering the value is evolving.Please use the case study guidelines below to perform a brief analytic thinking, identify the problem, suggest alternative solutions, and make recommendations for the implementation of the solution that you believe is the best fit. event Study Guidelines1. Analysis of the Current SituationThe proper context must be established for the case analysis. Please provide a plodding analysis in a SWOT box.Research Identify the key environmental factors such as industry trends, level of competitiveness, customer perceptio ns, legal considerations, and evolving technology at the outset of the analysis.Summarize the key aspects of the internal environment of the firm in terms of strengths and weaknesses and the external environment in terms of opportunities and threats to the firm in your SWOT box.2. The Target MarketIdentify your target market Who is your target customer? In terms of demographics and lifestyle, what aspects of consumer behavior provide insights into this group of customers?3. The ProblemIdentification of key problem(s). It is easy to identify symptoms of problems while failing to identify the real problems. For example, declining sales may be identified as a problem, when the decline is only characteristic of more complex problems that are harder to observe. Make aclear distinction between what is identified as the problem and the symptoms of the problems.4. Alternative SolutionsIdentify and evaluate alternatives. augment reasonable alternatives and evaluate them in terms of feasibi lity, projected costs advantages, disadvantages, and potential short-term and long-term consequences.5. Recommended Course of ActionSelect a course of bring through and provide the appropriate strategies and tactics to accomplish the chosen course. Justify your choice in terms of your analysis. As most practitioners know, charting a course of action can be a difficult job, but implementation is the true challenge. Produce a workable action plan that would have a reasonable opportunity of success in the implementation phase.Develop a minimum of five slides to present the findings of your analysis. Some additional research is expected. The IKEA website is highly informative. Use APA format and involve an additional slide with your sources. Assume that your analysis will be presented to the IKEA senior management team and that your job depends on it

A Spectrum Through Time Essay

Museum of the woful Image is the countrys only museum dedicated to the art, fib, technique, and technology of the moving image in all its forms. It is ace-of-a-kind destination for audiences of all ages and inte simplenesss, from connoisseurs of real cinema to children and families to avid gamers. The Museum is located the state of New York in Astoria Queens and has a collection of approximately 130,000 artifacts relating to the art, history and technology of the moving image. The collection is the largest and most extensive in the United States, and is considered one of the most important collections of its kind in the world.Soon as one steps into the building the whiteness of the interior decor makes us wonder what is behind the walls. The museum embracing a wide range of subjects, including artifacts from all stages of film insane asylum from nineteenth century optical toys to the latest in digital art and explores every phase of the production, pro drive, and exhibition of m oving images. Artifacts include costumes, fan magazines, games, design materials, authorize merchandise, and technical apparatus, still photographs, marketing materials for all kinds, video and computer games, and movie furnishings.It offers an engaging, highly interactive core exhibition, discussions with leading figures in film and television, programs of contemporary and classic films from around the world, a unique collection, stimulating changing exhibitions, inspiring educational programs for learners of all ages, and groundbreaking online projects. After everyone arrived of our ENG101 class, we got divided into small groups. My group started its 90 minutes tour on the third floor where we visited the primitive projectors and experienced the process of creating a moving image. Viktor, who was guiding our group, explained that any moving image is just an illusion.To farm a moving image we need two preconditions. We must have speed and a split chip of rest which is a moment of rest is given to the eye. Viktor also pointed out that the moment of rest could be achieved in several different ways. The first trey we had looked at was the Phenakistoscope, Praxinoscope and the Thaumatrope. Viktor demonstrated all three methods which was fascinating. These popular devices were inspired in the nineteenth century by Peter Mark Rogets theory of visual persistence, which held that our eyes retain an image for a fraction of a second, ermitting a series of still images to become fused as a moving image.Another way to break down movements into a series of still pictures is a so called video flipbook. A flipbook is the simplest way of making a sequence of still pictures appears to move. The intervals of darkness necessary for the illusion of motion are provided by the turn, or flip of each page. The nineteenth-century photographic experiments of Eadweard Muybridge and Etienne-Jules Marey broke down the movements of animals into a series of still pictures.When display ed in rapid succession, these pictures appear to be moving, recreating the original motion that the images document. Moving further in the exhibition, we looked at Brooklyn-based artist Gregory Barsamians kinetic sculptures animate three-dimensional objects in real time. He called it roughshod Fount which is a physical representation of a dream he had in which drops of water from his kitchen faucet transformed into a bomb, and then a written report airplane before crashing into his dishpan.The artwork is a stroboscopic zoetrope made up of series of ninety-seven small sculptures, each slightly different from the preceding one. These sculptures function in the same way as the individual drawings in the frames of an animated film. The sculptures are mounted on a rotating armature. A strobe light flashes thirteen multiplication per second, illuminating the sculptures. Because there are intervals of darkness between the flashes, we do not see a blur as the sculptures spin by, but perce ive a moving image.The illusion of motion is convincing, although the flash rate of thirteen per second is slow enough for the eye to detect some flicker. Thirteen frames per second is just at the boundary between where we can and cannot detect individual images. There were so many more mind absorbing artifacts like the Three-Strip Technicolor photographic camera and Special Effects just to name a few. After Viktor described how all of these cameras worked in the past and how special effects were utilized even in today movies we continued our little tour to the second floor.We spent half as much time on the second floor, but none the little it was all so engaging as well. Gaining insight to all the subjects the movie makers implement to make a final project is quite fascinating. Visiting the Museum of Moving Image helped us understand what it takes to make a movie from start to finish, and comprehend the difficulties of every aspect of the movie and throughout its process. To view it all on a canvas white walls, truly makes the Moving Image Museum a spectrum through time.

Head Start Speech

First of all let me still start out by explaining a shrimpy bit about Head Start. Head Start is a preschool, or pre K design that caters mostly to children that are part of low-income families. They also specialize in helping children with disabilities. Created in 1965, Head Start is the most successful, longest-running, national school readiness program in the United States. It provides comprehensive education, health, nutrition and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families. Head Start works on 5 different areas of development Social/Emotional, Fine to a greater extent, gross motor, cognitive and language development.Their daily programme includes all 5 areas of development. Nearly 25 million pre-school aged children have benefited from Head Start. I became involved in Head Start when I was just 4 years old. I attended Head Start as a student. Three years after graduated from Head Start, my mom began on the job(p) for them. She started out as a cle aning lady and after a few years moved up the chain to cook and then at long last a teacher. So, since I was about 7 years old I was volunteering. I loved being around the children, the teachers and just the setting in general.When I was old enough, I also began working at Head Start as a teachers aide. I later went to work for the University of Idaho Childrens Center, where I figured out that I wanted to work with children as a career. In recent years thither has been talk with in the national goernment to pull the funding for Head Start. The reasons that are circulating are that there is no proof that Head Start works long term, although there is proof that I works tremendously until around the third grade where children begin to even out with one another.They severalise that in order to justify the need for the nearly 6 billion dollars that Head Start receives yearly, there needs to be hard proof that it is a program that works. To that I say Talk to any parent of a child tha t attended Head Start. Do slightly research on the internet? If Head Start were a program that did not work then why would it me the longest running program out there. The NAEYC has given them annual accreditations for over 25 years. Head Start, in the area of Pre K education is considered the standard. It is what all programs are expected to mimic.There is proof that long term, all children that attend Head Start are 9% more likely to complete high school or the equivalent. African American students of Head Start have been proven to be 12% less likely to be convicted of a crime. Head Start is not meant for getting people ready for life after school but to bridge the gap for children that are struggling to start grade school. Without Head Start many of those children would go into kindergarten without the proper knowledge of numbers, letter recognition, the alphabet and many other skills.I have a statement that I would like to read from a parent of a child with disabilities that d id attend head start Having a child with disabilities is not easy. Since enrolling in Head Start, I have received the best doable care for my child. They are very supportive in helping get the services that I need to help my child succeed. Head Start is always there when I need someone to talk to or when I need some help for my child. Since my child has been in Head Start, his doctors cant believe the progress that he has made. No one ever thought that it would be possible for him to get where he is now.We owe it all to Head Start. Head Start Parent from Evansdale, Iowa -Gavin -Charlies Story Now if Head Start were a program that did not work would it have made such a large impact on all these children? And these are just a few of the over 25 million children that have benefited from Head Start. So I say to you that if on the ballot you see anything that volition pull funding from this wonderful organization, that you will at least take the time to visit a local center and observ e what goes on daily take the time to talk to a parent that has a child in head start and listen to their experience with the program.

Pro Con Gay Marriage

Pros of rattling marriage Two People who love eachother should be able to publicly celebrate their dedication Equality is protected in the due process clause in the constitution ( Constitutional Right) Same sex marriage helps adoption 100,000 children in the coupled reads are waiting to be adoptedRefusing people the right to marry causes psychological damages ( this effects society in a negative way) assenting to hospitals and care ( Marriage benefits healthcare coverage) Marriage has been changing over the years ( interracial marriage) there is no one definition for Marriage Massachussets was the first state to legalize cheery marriage and they have the lowest divorce rate ( highest divorce rates occur in the states that have the more strict rattling laws If marriages sole purpose is to procreate than why are infertile couples granted the right to still marry It doesnt hurt society or anyone in particular.The moreover thing that should matter in marriage is love Denying them is a violation of religious freedom (civil and religious marriages are two separate institutions). Born gay argument Although all people in all societies with rare exceptions are socialized to be hetero familiar, the predictable, universal appearance of homosexual persons, despite socialization into heterosexual patterns of behavior suggest not except that homosexual orientation is biologically based but that sexual orientation itself is also biologically derived. Experiences argument epoch there are different theories about how the sexual orientation develops, experts in the human sexuality field do not believe that premature sexual experiences play a significant role in late adolescent or adult sexual orientation. Mental disorders DEBUNKED Psychologists, psychiatrists and other mental health professionals ascertain that homosexuality is not an illness, mental disorder or an emotional problem. Over 35 years of objective, well-designed scientific research has shown that homose xuality, in and of itself, is not associated with mental disorders or emotional or social problems.When researchers examined data about these people who were not in therapy, the idea that homosexuality was a mental illness was quickly plant to be untrue Cons of gay marriage The institution of marriage has been defined as the union between a man and a woman ( Supreme court decision (oct 15 1971 baker v nelson) definition has some connection with the book of genesis It may cause a slippery slope effect where people who are into beastiality and other taboo relationships could seek the right to marry if gay is allowed.People who are against gay marriage should not have to support something with tax dollars they find wrong such as health benefits for gay couples ( extending to gay couples would result in 596 million dollars being worn-out(a) plus an additional 302 million) Children being raised in a same sex home would not be provided an optimum environment because they need bewilder and father rearing ( studies link to earlier sexual activity also a report was done the American psychological review?Children raised with gay parents were more likely to become gay themselves) Marriage should not be extended to same-sex couples because homosexual relationships have nothing to do with procreation. Allowing gay marriage would only further shift the purpose of marriage from producing and raising children to adult gratification. Marriage is a religious right According to a July 31, 2003 statement from the Congregation for the article of faith of the Faith and approved by Pope John Paul II, marriage was established by the Creator with its own nature, essential properties and purpose.No ideology can use up from the human spirit the certainty thatmarriage solely exists between a man and a woman. Most religions consider homosexuality a sin. It would further bust the traditional family values essential to our society. It confuses children about gender roles and expectat ions of society, and only a man & woman can pro-create The gay lifestyle is not something to be encouraged, as a lot of research shows it leads to a much lower life expectancy, psychological disorders, and other problems BORN GAY NO What is clear, however, is that the scientific attempts to demonstrate that omosexual attractive force is biologically determined have failed. The major researchers now prominent in the scientific arena-themselves gay activists-have in fact arrived at such conclusions. There is no support in the scientific research for the conclusion that homosexuality is biologically determined. Concerns for parenting and childhood A good relationship with the same-sex parent meets a childs psychological inevitably for love, worth and affirmation as a boy or a girl. Where there is a lack of affirmation or even rejection, these legitimate of necessity are not met.If a girls femininity is unaffirmed, she may come to believe that she is unacceptable to her mother and t herefore to women in general. In an attempt to fill the mariner in her heart, she may look to other women for acceptance, perhaps even hoping (at a subconscious level) to gain femininity by association. Puberty later eroticizes these emotional needs, adding a sexual dimension. http//gaymarriage. procon. org/ http//www. balancedpolitics. org/same_sex_marriages. htm http//borngay. procon. org/view. resource. php? resourceID=000005

The Affordability And Efficiency Of Solar Energy Environmental Sciences Essay

Energy is cognize as the foundation of all resources that plays an of import function in modern society. Our day-to-day life activities in place, office and transport all depended on the changeless and dependable supply of cogency. Most of the genesis of readiness in our modernised society is chiefly from the non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and atomic power. These beginnings are called non-renewable resources for the ground that they keep non be replenish or reproduced in a comparatively short sum of clip. Fossil fuel is the most common non-renewable animation used due to the fact that atomic power is full(prenominal) radioactive in conformity with many negative consequence. However, fossil fuels are consuming at a steep rate because of the high demand. The development of fossil fuels too brings menaces to the planetary universe. Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) is the by-product of firing dodo fuels which is the nursery gas lending to the planetary heating. In add-on, firi ng fossil fuels besides outputs sulphur dioxide that leads to acid rain. Extraction of coal, oil and natural gas pull up stakes besides present a great impact on the natural ecosystem for exemplification oil spills and landslides.A solution for all of these jobs is to happen a new alternate ability resource or renewable energy resources. Renewable energy is preferred over non-renewable energy because it produces non-polluting, clean and unlimited energy supply to our local demands. In future, the use of renewable energy resources is set to lift in a big graduated table because of deficient supplies of fossil fuels and besides because of authorities policy and plans to back up renewable energy coevals Solar, biomass, hydropower, geothermal and air ongoing are list of renewable energy deriving a fast development in many states worldwide. Among these energy resources, solar is known best for its emerging turning patterned advance in the universe because itaaa?s more dependable, low -cost and efficient.1.2 Overview of Photovoltaic ( PV )Solar Photovoltaic is one of the high-velocity turning energy engineerings, with growing by an mean 30 % per annum over the past 20 old ages against a background of quickly worsening be and monetary values. In 2009, the photovoltaic solar industry generated $ 38.5 billion in grosss globally and PV installings grew to 7.3 GW in 2009, up 20 % from the anterior twelvemonth 1 ( Fig. 1.1 ) .Figure 1.1 PV grocery Size in cleavage by application ( GW )Photovoltaic ( PV ) generates electric energy from solar from solar prison cells packaged in photovoltaic faculties. These faculties are usually committed in multiple of PV arrays to bring forth more energy from Sun. Inside the PV array, solar power will be produced because of the mechanism which the photons from sunlight collide the negatrons in PV cell into a higher province of energy, therefore bring forthing electricity when negatrons flow. The photovoltaic term implies that imp ersonal operation part of a photodiode in which current by means of the device is wholly due to the transduced visible radiation energy. Direct current is generated with the presence of Sun visible radiation at the solar cell, this energy can be used to power up devices or equipment, charge a battery cell or solar hot H2O system. The advance and increased execution of PV system in many applications can function to better the worldaaa?s energy options.Solar power is so the cleanest methods of energy production known with no harmful by-products or menaces to the environment. However, there are few jobs with solar power in power transition facets. There is a demand of efficient convertor to change over the DC current to AC supplies for users of energy that wanted high-current low-tension AC current in ensnare to ease energy usage. Furthermore, the current engineering of solar control panel claims to be merely 40 % efficiency which is non perfect in energy transition. Solar cell has a nonlinear current-voltage in operation(p) point where the maximum power point ( MPP ) which varies depending on the PV cell temperature and the solar sunstroke degree. The location of MPPT is non known ab initio. However, it can be traced either through computation method or seeking algorithmic rules. So, in order to maximise the power extracted from the PV for solar efficiency betterment, a maximal power point tracker ( MPPT ) is required to reassign the power to the burden. MPPT will be responsible to happen the electromotive force or current at which the solar panel should run to pull out the maximal end product power under a given temperature and irradiance.1.2 Undertaking MotivationSolar power system offers the undermentioned advantages of environmental friendly, clean, low care fee, and a long life-time. Due to these benefits, the solar energy is one of the fastest turning market globally. Nevertheless, PV system is still considered to be expensive, and the falloff in PV system cost involve extensive of research and development. In power electronics field, the efficiency can be improved by maximising the energy end product of PV array. There is a demand of MPPT control in order for the PV array to run at the optimal point in several(a) environmental conditions. Many methods have been developed to better the maximal power end product extracted from the PV faculties. They can be sorted out as mathematic supposed accounts to do approximated descriptions of the PV faculties behavior, plan the algorithms based on the theoretical accounts, and standard trial of PV system to plan the trailing faculty. These methods have been tested with simulations and consequences approximate the public institution in existent environment. However, some proposed methods consist of really complex construction or algorithm which makes the calculation procedure to be slow or expensive. by from the assorted invented method for MPPT PV system, Perturbation and Observation algorithm ( P & A O ) is the most common method used in market because of its control and easiness of execution.With the rapid growing in solar industry an tremendous figure of PV panels are runing today for the whole universe. With the increasing of figure panels and life-time, the insuring of optimum operating conditions is going more of import, in order to minimise the power losingss. This creates the new challenge of public presentation observation and analysis for PV faculties.1.3 Undertaking AimsThe chief aims of the set about areTo plan a MPPT Solar lodge Controller to maximise the power extracted from PV system.To implement the MPPT algorithm controlled by microcontroller. The microcontroller is responsible in changing the responsibility rhythm of convertor to coerce the PV array operate in optimal pointTo analyse the public presentation of MPPT accountant with the algorithm chosen.MPPT Solar Charge Controller that developed must be low cost, dependable and stable in p ublic presentation for existent environment application.1.4 Scopes of ProjectThis undertaking involves execution of computer hardware and package for planing a Solar Charge Controller that will tracks the maximal power point for PV cell in order to alter a reversible lead-acid battery in shortest clip.Choice of DC-DC convertor based on the desired end product electromotive force to bear down a battery through MPPT Solar Charge Controller.Buck Converter will be used in this undertaking development. The power MOSFET in vaulting horse convertor acts as a switch in the power supply component because it can defy high electromotive force and current. The c2000 household Texas Instrument DSP microcontroller will be command the vaulting horse convertor by directing PWM signal to power MOSFET after the computational work has done.The simulation of MPPT algorithm through MATLAB SIMULINKMPPT algorithm will be develop on MATLAB and the public presentation will be stimulate and analyze. MATLAB contains Target Support Package for c2000 Texas Instrument Microcontroller, therefore the developed MPPT algorithm can be ingrate to the microcontroller easy.

Bad news letter Essay

Your order for five Canon LPB-8 A1 Laser Printers arrived today. This lightweight, rapid-speed, garner quality printer is the leading implement in the field.Our main function is to purchase office equipment in large quantities and then resell it to retailers. In order to do this most efficiently, we ask that totally orders be for at least 12 units.If you will call me at 551-5656 and increase your order to a dozen or more, your machines will be shipped at bottom three days.Should you feel that this order is too large, Harrison & Sons, Inc, a retailer in your area, should be able to provide you with excellent service.(Give a antecedent) Their price will be slightly higher than ours, but they have a fine reputation for sales and service. You can reach them at 227-0404. The first paragraph, the buffer, discusses the quality of the machine, a detail with which two the buyer and the seller can agree. The reasons for the expectant intelligence and the injurious news itself are pr esented in sequential order. The third paragraph offers a solution for the problem. The final close offers an alternative.In writing a bad news letter, every effort should be made to reduce the impact. A well-written bad news letter will accomplish three objectives 1. The endorser will realise that the bad news decision is final. 2. The person will understand that the decision was both fair and reasonable.3. The readers attitude towards the writer and the company will remain positive.A bad news letter has quadruple elements buffer, reasons, decision and close. They are discussed in detail on the next pages.BufferA buffer is a neutral or non-controversial statement that is used to open a bad news letter. The most effective buffers have four characteristics 1. they are pleasant2. they are relevant to the issue3. they are neutral in tone, saying neither yes nor no4. they provide a transition to the next part of the letter where the reasons for the decision are discussed.1. pleasant, offering assistanceWe like to attend our customers as such(prenominal) as we realistically can. 2. relevant and fairWe have carefully reviewed your application for an extension of credit with our firm.3. neutral, finding a point on which the writer and the reader can agree. The objective of a credit declivity should be to make ones financial obligations easier to manage.DONTS Avoid saying no at the beginning of the letter. This will discourage the individual from reading the rest of the message and defeat the effort to present the news in an indirect manner. Do non apologise. An apology weakens the reasons that follow and may lead the reader to conclude that the rejection was unnecessary. Avoid writing an overly long opening paragraph. We are in receipt of your letter of January 18 adds nothing to the letter and may give the reader the impression that the writer is stalling for clip. Do not use a know-it-all tone. Our historic period of experience have shown us that . is lik ely to be negatively trustworthy.ReasonsTo justify the bad news decision and to explain the situation to your reader, you give reasons for the negative decision. quartet guidelines are1. Do not hide behind company policy. Explain the specific reasons behind the policy rather than mentioning the policy itself.2. Do not speech down to the reader.3. Do not be so brief that the reader is unable to follow your explanation. We have reviewed your request for an increase in your credit line and havedecided to take no action at this time.4. Avoid using negative words that are likely to upset the reader. (mistake, error, will not, regrettably, dismayed, cannot, fault, wrong, unable). lastMake a clear statement of the decision. In many cases the refusal does not have to be explained in detail, because the previous section has already conveyed the decision. If it has not, then this is the time to do so. There are three useful techniques1. Give the refusal a minimum amount of space.2. Put the refusal in the middle of the paragraph.3. Use the passive spokespersonActive Since you forgot to send in the refund request until after the assigned period, we are unable to give you the refund.Passive Since your request for a refund was received after the assigned period, we are unable to grant your request fora refund.Dont use indirect approach. Get to the point quickly commanding CloseEnd the letter on a positive note. This depends on the situation. For example, in the case of a person who wants an extension of credit, the writer could recommend buying the goods for cash. In the case of a customer who has made a mistake and now wants the order refilled for free, the writer could offer a discount on upcoming orders. However the close is written, it should keep the customers goodwill.Do not bring up the refusal again apologise for the decision ask for a duration of the correspondence. The closing statement If you have any further questions about our decision, do not hesitate to write.indicates that the matter is not closed. use clichs. If we can be of help in the future, please let us know has no real meaning. The reader has just been refused something he is unlikely to believe the statement.SummaryA bad news message should make clear that the bad news decision is final but is also fair and reasonable. It should be written in such a way that the readers attitude towards the writer and the company remains positive. Bad news messages usually follow the indirect approach. They have four elements buffer, reasons, decision and positive close.

Internal And External Stakeholder Analysis Essay

Non -profit administration- an organization that is tax r unconstipatedue free and that serves the exoteric interest. Their purposes atomic number 18 charitable, educational, scientific, religious or literary. habitual expects to donate and their donations be deducted from their federal taxes. A legally non -profit org does not declare any profit and instead utilizing all the resources and r flushue for its operating expenses. world(prenominal) Humanitarian City (IHC)Established in 2003 by HH Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice-President and Prime minister of religion of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, the International Humanitarian City (IHC) has grown to become the worlds largest and busiest logistics hub for humanitarian assistant with nine UN agencies and nearly 50 NGOs and commercial entities as members.Its expertise is in transport and logistics to work go in hand with aid agencies on helping the victims of crises and families whose lives are scarred by poverty. IHC capabilities for delivering help is eighter hours by air to two thirds of the world population some of the worst humanitarian crises that includes tsunami in southeasterly Asia, recurring drought of Africa, Civil unrest in Afghanistan and Darfur and the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. IHC also has been engaged on emergency responses to Syria and PhilippinesCharacteristics of Nonprofit OrganizationPassion for Mission ( values Driven) creativity, energy and dedication for the work nimbus of Scarcity Shortage of resources, underdeveloped infrastructure may exist execution walls. Bias toward informality, participation and consensus- forked bottom lines Financial and MissionProgram outcomes are difficult to assessGoverning boards has both heedlessness and supporting rolesMixed skill level of staffParticipation of volunteersPublic Sector-Composed of organization that are owned and operated by the presidential term. Includes Federal, provincial, state, or municipal governments, depending on where you live.RTA( Road and transport Authority) a public field organization prudent for transport network in UAE, a versatile entity mandated to manage marine roadstead , metro and public transport through sub agencies. 5 basic Characteristics of public sector raise OwnershipOwned by the state. It could be in the nature of Central, State or local government ownership or any instrumentality of the state besides can take aim the ownership of public enterprise.Controlled by the stateIts operation and administration controlled by government. The Government has the count on responsibility to manage the affairs of the enterprise through variant devices and exercises control over it by means of a number of agencies and techniques.Public ResponsibilityPublic Enterprises owe function to people as they are funded through public money. This accountability is realized through legislature and its committees, ministers, audit institutions and other specialized agencies. IndependenceP ublic Enterprises function with highest emancipation under given situations. They are free from day to day interference in their affairs and management. coverageThe public enterprise negotiates all areas and activities. in that respect is hardly any field of activity, which is not covered by the operations of public enterprises. puntholder- a someone, group of organizations that has interest or affect the organization or with fair interest to a given situation or enterpriseStakeholder Analysis- tools to pick out the needs and concern of various stakeholders. It is a useful tool for Gaining understanding and building harmonyCommunicating the benefits of a proposed project construct strong inclusive campaigns that involve the publicBenefits common problems that can be solves using analysis.Unnecessary focalize on analytical toolsIssues are too large of complex for decision makersThe scope of study is too largeSome stakeholder are left outThere is no local ownershipThere is no com mitment for implementation.Kinds of stakeholderPrimary stakeholder- direct beneficiaries and direct concerned person Secondary stakeholder- mediators in the figure out of delivering aid to primary stakeholder Opposition Stakeholder- those who have the capacity to affect outcomes unfavorably through the resources and influence they command. It is of the essence(p) to engage them in open dialogue Marginal stakeholder- such as women, indigenous people, and other devoid groups Key stakeholder- have significant influence upon or importance within the organization.Stakeholder Analysis Process give away and man internal and external stakeholderAssess the nature of each stakeholders influence and importanceConstruct a matrix to identify stakeholder influence and importanceMonitor and mange stakeholder relationship.Two type of stake holder luff stakeholder directly connected to the organizationIntermediary- who represent othersImportance of stakeholderSupport the overall movement of the organization which involves providing feature service e.g medical assistance, recovery missions and distributingrelief goods to modify areas. Influence the Non- profit organization- provides the opportunity to organization to packet its goals and objective to join to other organizations which has the uniform missions and purpose. Clients and Volunteers Free publicity from the clients who receive quality service from the organization and tell its story publicly, or shared it to their co- workers, friends and or can be featured to any media ad to support the cause and ask for funding.Identifying StakeholderBrainstorming-one way of identifying the stakeholder.Analyzing or making a list of stakeholder or even the type of stakeholder. Mapping-a usefull way of unlocking creativity and helping the ideas to flow. A diagram that shows a map or even a software that can use to map its stakeholder Stakeholder list- general list of stakeholder are the starting stay to identify them. Doesn t include many specialists in the industry or industry specific line of reasoning titles.Previous projects- documentation from previous projects and communicating the projects team who is involve on the particular project or a particular client. Organization charts and directories- Company organization or directory also can help to identify a particular stakeholder. Reviewing the Social network sites, like LinkedIn advance people search to look for order stakeholder, industry, job title and seniority. OGC Stakeholder categories- finding it hard to find a potential stakeholder company can do the categorization process. on a lower floor is the category can use for identificationUser/beneficiariesGovernanceInfluencer ( trade unions, media )Providers ( supplier, partners)Below diagram is a stakeholder mappingInternal Stakeholder ( IHC-non- profit Organization)Board MembersStaff members/employees- the one who has direct interaction and involvedduring the crisis. One of the most import ant stakeholder on the organization, initiates activities of IHC consequently, concentrating on IHC mission and vision. Volunteers- individuals who are willing to help, sum a hand during the crisis Donors / Fund raiser an individual or association that contributes in terms of kinds, fiscal during crisis. Former member of the organization are still one to consider, provided they are still active in promoting it. Publicity- a person that may be an instrument for public awareness regarding the organizations existence. Fund raiser- a person who is involved for collecting funds from any group or individual who is willing to give their part. A fund raiser can collect through media and other concert for a cause.External Stake holder (IHC-Non- profit organization)Employers or politicians that create legislation encouraging the hiring of ex-addict. Suppliers of like foods and clothing to be distributed to the affected area they can take advantage of the event like selling other goods to ot her allocator on the market. Governmental bodies/civil society- a non- governmental society working in the field of exclusion. Competitors- Who has the same structure of businessMedia- TV, newspaper , TV channelsEnvironment place where humanitarian city is built, should have a friendly neighborhood, safety for the victims, stress free.Internal stakeholder ( RTA)Customer/Travelers- individuals who are rail users , who are experiencing the benefitsEmployees- who has direct interaction with the commutersGuards- Who assures safety of any travelers/ tourist, executed rules and regulations ,Maintenance- who maintain the technical and mechanical problem of the RTA Cleaners- individuals who are responsible for cleaning the area including toilets, labatories and prayer rooms. Convenience store and other kiosk that are found on the stationExternal Stakeholder (RTA)Governments- a group that executed/implements rules and regulation. State/federal agencies. Government agencies often mug up and issue regulations and reporting requirements, and can sometimes make or break an effort by how they take away to regulate and how vigorously they enforce their regulations. Policy makers. Peoples or groups often have no official king they may be advisers to those with real power but their opinions and ideas are often followed closely. If theyre on your side, thats a big plus. Media- commuters awareness (rates , maps and direction,) TV, Radio, Newspaper and magazine.

European History: Marxism and Darwinism

Chad McKeegan Mr. Horner AP European History 10 April 2013 Marxism Essay Life for Europeans during the 1800s only contained two possibilities of sparing wellbeing because, as Marx would note, the wealth was not as distributed between the social classes. The majority of the wealth was obtained by the upper class or slew with power, much(prenominal) as business tycoons as a result of the capitalistic economy that existed.Based on the depictions presented, Marxism theorists would exemplify that the scotch differences between the two families is a result of class conflict, but amicable Darwinists would argue that differences are chiefly caused by their biological disadvantages to the environment. At a glance people tend to associate Marxism as basic communism, but it was Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles ideologies of the proletariat evolving rescript into one of scotch and social equality that eventually developed into what people commonly refer to as Communism.Marx and Engles b elieved that a proletariat revolution was necessary in order to define the base line for a communist society, which is further explained in the Communist Manifesto. In contrast cordial Darwinists philosophize about a survival of the fittest society, in which individuals whom have environmental advantages will obtain economic and social advantages, and those at a disadvantage will fall off the ladder.Both Marxism and complaisant Darwinism are base around completely different ideals, but both philosophies do not expurgate the ideologies needed to concur a stable society. Upon analyzing the contrasted word pictures it is evident that there are major economic differences between the two families. When examining the painting of the pixilated European family the degree of wealth is clearly visible in both the environment and the people.The wealthy family seems to be surrounded by various items of wealth, such as paintings, ritzy furniture, fancy curtains, and the prestigious appar el they wear all contribute to the expression of content visible on their faces. In contrast the take family is clustered together with their several children because it was necessary for the children to work in order to receive manageable income.This painting in particular expurgates a vicarious feeling of sorrow and misery, which is clearly visible in all family members face. Marxist theorists would argue that the wealthy family can afford luxurious items and live peacefully every day, while the poor family struggles because there was an incredibly uneven distribution of wealth. Based on the outwear theory, the worker is cheated of the value his labor creates, which the low wages of workers meant the threat of over production, accumulated goods, and depression.The poor family cannot befool enough money to comfortably live day to day because the corporate business owners and those of nobility do not pay the workers enough, and siphon all of the accumulated wealth. Social Darwi nists would analyze the two paintings and immediately watch over that the poor family is of different race. Social Darwinists would then conclude that the poor family lacked the intelligence and societal skills because their biological differences vest them at an environmental disadvantage.This environmental disadvantage would be considered the primary reason the less fortunate family cannot prosper. The Social Darwinian ideals eventually gave rise to the phrase survival of the fittest, which accurately explains the original Darwinian imagination of sealed species ability to survive and mate as a result of their biologically primed(p) environmental advantages. Social Darwinism, which was a valid concept during the 1800s, no longer has a place in modern society considering that most civilizations are based on equal opportunity for success.Upon analyzing the two paintings Marxism theorists would argue that the social and economic differences between the two families is largely th e result of an unequal distribution of wealth, and Social Darwinists would believe that biologically determined environmental advantages is the cause of the vast gap between the wealthy and the poor. The issue associated with both philosophies is that each concept largely benefits only one group of individuals, which exemplifies the impossibility of a utopian society.

Social Inequality and Race

Running head complaisant INEQUALITY & RACE Social Inequality and Race Markus Nehlsen ETH/125 Megan Burke April 21, 2012 Identified convention To choose an ethnic or racial group which I operate to can be sonant for those who see my physical appearance but it can be difficult for me to decide. The racial group I have always claimed and identified with is White non-Hispanic or Caucasian. To determine my particular ethnic group is unclear because I was adopted however, I was raised by a German m different and Caucasian father, so I can categorize myself in with German-American ethnic group.As I take look at the choices I can best associate with, I believe the best selection for me is White non-Hispanic or Caucasian racial group. Interactions It is difficult to pinpoint how passages interact with each other. Historically in the past and stupefy discrimination and prejudices have occurred against minority groups, like African Americans, Hispanics and Native Americans. According to Eitzen (2000), the critical feature of the minority groups status is its inferior societal position, in which its interests are not effectively represented in the political, economic, and affectionate institutions of the society.In this viewpoint Whiteness is the normal or a natural condition. Eitzen (2000) further explains that this is a false experience of race. In reality, the racial order shapes the lives of all people, even Whites who are benefitd by the system. Just as social classes exist in relation to each other, races are defined, compared, and judged in relation to other races. Social Inequalities in that location are some people that will argue that social inequalities do exist because of race. Eitzen (2000) stated that the linked States now faces serious new racial problems.These problems include the increasing isolation of minorities in central cities, maturation minority unemployment, and other forms of economic dislocation. The American Prospect (2007) sta ted that poor African Americans were depicted as especially dysfunctional and undeserving of assistance, with an emphasis on violence, poor choices, and dependency. It further explains that the black underclass appears as a menace and a source of social disorganization in news accounts of black urban crime, gang violence, drug use, teenage pregnancy, riots, homelessness, and general aimlessness.For instance, minorities are over-represented in prison cells compared to white people. Not necessarily in numbers, but proportionally. This is argued, that its because the White race is to a greater extent protected, they can afford better lawyers, receive discriminatory treatment by judges, and that that the minority groups are often targeted in drug busts and gang membership arrests more often than Whites. Schaefer (2012) points out that inner-city drive-by shootings have come to be seen as a race-specific problem worthy of local anesthetic officials cleaning up troubled neighborhoods.Ye t, schoolyard shootouts are viewed as a societal concern and placed on the national agenda Racial Prejudice Causes According to Schaefer (2012), racial prejudice is often used to confirm victualsing a group in a subordinate economic position. Conflict theorists, in particular, examine the role of racial and ethnic hostility as a way for the dominant group to keep its position of status and power intact. Competition is a huge factor in the causes of racial prejudices.Lets say that one Black nurse and one White nurse are competing for a supervisor position, this competition could lead to racial hostility if one perceives the other being hired before them because of race. It could be that more education gives a broader outlook and makes a person less likely to endorse myths that extend racial prejudice. If people are in competition, as already noted, contact may heighten tension.However, transport people together to share a common task has been shown to reduce ill feelings when t hese people belong to different racial, ethnic, or religious groups. The key factor in reducing hostility, in addition to equal-status contact, is the comportment of a common goal. (Schaefer, 2012) Conclusion According to Marti (n. d. ) the majority of White Americans will overlook the distinctive experiences of other racial and ethnic groups because they tend to believe discrimination is no longer an issue.They feel that America is a firmly established meritocracy because prominent African Americans are successful in sports and entertainment and because the outright refutation of access to jobs, housing, and public accommodations is now illegal. Race is a social construction, and this process benefits the oppressor, who defines who is privileged and who is not. The acceptance of race in society as a genuine category allows the racial pecking order to emerge to the advantage of the dominant races. (Schaefer, 2012)References The American Prospect. (2007) Inequality, Race, and Remed y. Retrieved from http//prospect. org/article/inequality-race-and-remedy Eitzen, D. Stanley (2000) Social Problems (8th Ed. ). Boston Allyn and Bacon. Retrieved from http//dmc122011. delmar. edu/socsci/rlong/problems/chap-08. htm Gerald Marti. (n. d. ) Racial and Ethnic Dynamics among Contemporary puppyish Adults. Retrieved from http//www. changingsea. net/essays/Marti. pdf Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and Ethnic Groups (13th ed. ). Prentice-Hall.

Piece on “The lake” Essay

My head rested peacefully against the bark of the willow tree, my back floated on a bed of grass and my feet were gliding in the calm water of the lake, occasionally being nibbled by divers(a) fish. It was the perfect atmosphere to suck up a little nap however I knew that if I discharge asleep I would regret getting to admire the lakes precious beauty on this striking day.The sky was as clear as sapphire, the sun was a rosy apricot colour and was surround by pillows of clouds and somehow my imagination managed to convince me that there were little angels dancing and prancing above them. The sky looked as to that degree more radiant in the lakes refection it added a glittery appeal to it, magical.I gazed wondrously towards the different side of the lake where the troop of trees stood, practically hugging distri onlyively other. I enjoyed watching the giant trees sway with each other as if they were moving towards natures music. On my side of the lake, there was a chorus of f rogs chattering and birds chirping. I sang a little melody too, but the frogs and birds suddenly stopped, they must have disliked my tune.As I was about to rest my eyes a little, nature woke me up. The calming air travel tickled my ear lobes and I could faintly hear it whispering secrets to me.Every time the wind passed by, it left tail end a scent of maple and berries so strong that it made my nose twitch. It smelt heavenly organic yet delightfully tasty.When I took a careful look at the lake, it looked similar to a heart rule just one side was slightly bigger. The colour of the water was like an innocent girls eyes, so pure. It was a dark turquoise and if you lookedcarefully you could see the luminous scales of various fish. Every straight and then a heard of teeny tiny jump fish would be racing across the glowing surface of the lake as if they were being chased by the police.The lake was indescribably beautiful as it was but looking at what was on land around it was just the icing on top of the cake. Flowers bloomed as if they were living the last day of their life bees flew as if there was no hurry dears drank water as if there were no predators and birds sang as if they were in a symphony.The wind softly whispers through the trees as I rest on the soft green bed beneath me, peaceful feelings overtake me and my pot liquor seem to soar from within just like the birds circling above me.

Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 29~31

29Safe in the Hands of MedicineHow ar you feeling today? Sebastian Curtis pulled the yellow journalism follow through to enters knees and lifted the pilots hospital gown. knocked out(p)smart flinched when the restitute touched the catheter. Better, Tuck verbalise. That thing is itching, though.Its healing. The revive palp consumed the lymph nodes in Tuckers crotch. His hands were c hoar and Tuck shivered at the touch. The infection is subsiding. This happened to you in the plane crash?I aviate back on whatever lalwayss while I was demonstrateing to baffle a passenger break through with(predicate) of the plane.The hooker? The doctor didnt look up from his work.Tuck takeed to throw the sheets over his head and hide. Instead, he said, I dont suppose it would provoke a difference if I said I didnt k right away she was a hooker.Sebastian Curtis looked up and smiled his eyes were light gray flecked with orange. With his gray hair and tropical tan, he could present been a re-tired general, Rommel maybe. Im not really concerned with what the wo gentlemans gentleman was doing t here. What does concern me is that you had been soak uping. We cant ease up that here, Mr. Case. You may function to drop on a moments not nut case, so you wont be able to drink or indulge in all other chemical diversions. I assume that wont pose a problem.No. N superstar, Tuck said, unless he matte up worry hed been hit with a bag of sand. Hed been craving a drink since hed regained consciousness. By the way, Doc, since were leaving to be doing business together, maybe you should call me Tucker.Tucker it is, Curtis said. And you can call me Dr. Curtis. He smiled again.Swell. And your wifes name is?Mrs. Curtis.Of course.The doctor finished his examination and pulled the sheet back up to Tucks waist. You should be on your feet in a fewer days. Well move you to your bungalow this afternoon. I think youll aline everything you emergency there, save if you do pauperiza tion allthing, please let us know.A gin and tonic, Tuck persuasion. Id a alike(p) to find tabu(a) what happened to the computerized axial tomography who was sailing my boat.As I told you, the islanders found you and a few pieces of your boat. on that point was a finality in his part that phrenetice it clear that he didnt trust to burble nearly Kimi or the boat.Tuck pressed on. detect for authority had never been his long suit. I guess Ill ask round when I get out of here. Maybe he washed up on a different part of the island. I concoct being hung in a tree with him by an old cannibal.Tuck saw a glare cross the doctors face like a fleeting shadow, so the professional smile was back. Mr. Case, there havent been any cannibals in these islands for a hundred years. Be perspectives, I will have to ask you to stay in grimace the step up while you are here. Youll have access to beaches and theres plenty of room to roam, but you wont be having any cutaneous senses with th e islanders.Why, I mean if they saved me?The Shark deal have a very closed society. We try not to intrude on that any more than is necessary for us to do our work.The Shark People? Why the Shark People?Ill explain it all to you when you are feeling better. Right now you need to rest. The doctor took a syringe from a metal drawer by the wall and filled it from a vial of clear fluid, then injected it into Tucks IV. When do you think youll be ready to fly?Tuck felt as if a veil of gauze had been thrown over his mind. Everything in the room went soft and fuzzy. not real soon if you keep giving me that stuff. Wow, what was that? Hey, youre a doctor. Do you think we taste like email?He was going to ask another question, but somehow it didnt knowm to matter anymore.The Sorcerer stormed into the sky Priestesss bungalow, stripped off his lab coat, and threw it into the corner. He went to the rough kitchen, ripped open the freezer, pulled out a frosty fifth of Absolut, and poured a trip le s alive into a water glass that froze and steamed like dry ice in the humidity. Malink lied, he said. Then he tossed back half the glass and grabbed his temples when the cold hit his brain.The throw Priestess looked up from her magazine. A little stressed, darling? She was lying out on the lanai, naked except for a wide-brimmed straw hat, her white skin shining in the sun like pearl.The Sorcerer joined her and barbaric onto a chaise lounge, a hand notwithstanding clamped on his temples. Case says there was another man with him on the island. He said an old cannibal hung them in a tree.I heard him, the huckster Priestess said. Hes delirious?I dont think so. I think Malink lied. That they found the boat pilot and didnt tell us.She go next to him on the chaise lounge and pried the glass of vodka out of his hand. So send the ninjas on a search mission. Youre paying them. They might as well do something.Thats not an option and you know it.Well, then go yourself. Or call Malink on it. Tell him that you know there was another man and you motive him brought here chop-chop.I think were losing them, Beth. Malink wouldnt have dared lie to me a month ago. Its that dream. He dreams that Vincent is sending them a pilot, then you tell him its not true, then a pilot washes up on the reef.The Sky Priestess course the glass of vodka and handed it back to him empty. Yeah, nothing fucks up a good religion like the hinderance of a real god.I wish you wouldnt talk that way.So what are you going to do, after you get a refill, I mean?The Sorcerer looked up at her as if noticing her for the original fourth dimension. Beth, what are you doing out here? The Priestess of the Sky does not have a tan.She reached under the chaise lounge and came up with a plastic bottle of lotion. SPF 90. Relax, Bastian, this stuff would keep me creamy white in a nuclear flare. You want to rub some on me? She pushed her hat back on her head so he could see the predator seriousness in her eyes .Beth, please. Im on the cusp of a crisis here.Its not a crisis. Its obvious why the Shark People are getting restless.It is?No superstar has been chosen in over deuce months, Bastian.He shook his head. Case isnt ready to fly.Well, get him ready.30Fashion StatementsKimi sit under a coconut palm outside of the bachelors home sulking. His flowered dress was gone and he wore a black thu, the long saronglike loin-cloth worn by the Shark men. Gone too was his blond wig, his high heels, and his best friend, Roberto, who he had not seen since the cannibal tree. Now it looked as if he had no place to sleep. Sepie had thrown him out.Sepie came out of the bachelors erect wearing Kimis floral dress and glared at him. She pa employ on the coral pathway. I am not a monkey, she said. Then she picked up a stone from the path and hurled it at him, barely missing his head.Kimi scuffled to the leeward side of the tree and peeked around. I didnt say you were a monkey. I said that if you didnt shav e your legs, you would soon look like a monkey.A rock whizzed by his face so close he could feel the intimation of it. She was getting more accurate with each throw. You know nothing, she said. You are just a girl-man.Kimi dug a stone from the sand at his feet and hurled it at her, but his heart wasnt in it and it missed her by louver feet. In English he said, You just a poxy oar with a big mouth. He hoped this verbal missile hit closer to home. They were the last words of Malcolme, Kimis pimp back in Ma-nila. In retrospect, Malcolmes mistake had been one of memory. He had forgotten that the overly made-up little girl standing in front of him with a machete was, in fact, a wiry young man with the anger of hundreds of beatings burning in his memory.I no have the pox, Kimi said to Malcolme, whose look of surprise remained fixed pull coldcock as his head turn into the corner of thehotel room, where a rat darted out and gently licked his shortened neck.I no have the pox, Sepie sai d in English, punctuating her statement with a thrown lump of coral.I know, Kimi said. Im sorry I say that. He skulked off fling off the beach.Sepie stood outside the bachelors house reflexion him, totally disarmed. No man had ever apologized to her onward.Kimi hadnt meant to hurt her feelings. Some times it takes a thick skin to trade beauty tips with a girlfriend. Sepie was naturally pretty, but she didnt understand fashion. Why bother to put on a pretty dress if youre going to have monkey legs and tufts of hair hanging out from under your arms making it look like roughened hanging there?Bats. Kimi missed Roberto.The Shark men wouldnt talk to him, the women ignored him, except for Sepie, who was angry at him now, and even Tucker had been taken away to the other side of the island. Kimi was lonely. And as he passed down the beach, by the children playing with a trained frigate bird, past the men lounging in the shade of an empty boathouse, his loneliness dour to anger. He tu rned up the beach and took a path into the village to look for a weapon. It was time to go see the old cannibal.Outside each of the houses, near the cook sheds, stood an iron spike a pick head that was driven into the ground and used to husk coconuts. Kimi stopped at one house and yanked on the spike, but it wouldnt budge. He moved between the houses, vacant now in the early morning, the women working(a) in the taro field, the men lounging in various patches of shade. He peeked into a cook shed, and there, by the polecat that held the crust of this mornings rice, he found a long chefs dig. He looked around to make sure that no one was watching, then stiffed into the shed and snatched the wound, fitting it into his thu so that only the handle protruded at the small of his back. x minutes later he was hiding in a patch of giant ferns, watching the old cannibal roll coconut husk fibers into rope on his leathery old thighs. He sit down with his back against a palm tree, his legs straight out in front of him, pulling the fibers that had been soaked and divide out of a basket and measuring by feel the right amount toadd to the paradiddle of cord that was building on the ground beside him. From time to time he stopped and took a drink from a jar of milky liquid that Kimi was sure was alcoholic tuba. Good, he was drunk.Kimi moved slowly around the house, staying in the undergrowth of ferns and elephant ears, careful not to kick up any of the coral gravel that rang like broken glass if you didnt place your feet carefully.Once he was behind the old man, he drew the knife from the small of his back and moved forward to bulge that man who had eaten his friend.From the window of his new quarters Tucker Case watched the Japanese guards move through the compound carrying palm fronds and broken branches, detritus of the typhoon, which they piled in an open space at the side of the hangar to dry in the sun. They were dressed like a law SWAT team, in black coveralls with baseball caps and paratrooper boots, and if he squinted, they looked like giant worker ants killing out the nest. From time to time one of the guards would look toward his bungalow, then quickly turn away when he saw Tucker standing in the window in his pajamas. He had given up motion to them after the first hour of being ignored.Hed been in the one-room bungalow for four days now, but this was the first time hed felt well enough to get up and move around, other than to use the flickerhroom, which to his surprise, had hot and cold running water, a flush toilet, and a shower stall made of galvanized metal. The walls were tightly twist grass between a sturdy frame of teak and mahogany logs the floor was unfinished teak, sanded flavorless and pink and the furniture was wicker with brightly colored seismic disturbances. A ceiling fan spun languidly supra a double bed that was draped with a canopy of mosquito netting. The windows looked out on the compound and hangar on one s ide and through a grove of palm trees to the ocean on the other. He could see sev-eral bungalows perched near the beach, a small dock, and the cinderblock hospital building, its tin roof arrayed with antennae, solar galvanising panels, and a massive satellite dish.Tuck backed away from the window and sat down on the wicker couch. A few minutes on his feet and he felt exhausted. He was twenty pounds transport than when he had left Houston and there wasnt a six-inch patch of skin on his body that didnt have somekind of bandage on it. The doc had said that between the cuts on his arms, knees, and scalp, he had taken a hundred sutures. The first time he looked in the little mirror in his bathroom, he thought he was looking at a human version of the mangy feral dog hed seen on Truk. His blue eyes lay like dull ice in sunken brown craters and his cheeks were careworn into his face like a mummified bog mans. His hair had been bleached white by the sun and stuck out in straw-dry tufts be tween pink patches where the doctor had shaved his scalp to stitch him up. He took small hold dear in the fact that there were no women around to see him. No real women, anyway. The doctors wife, who came several times a day to bring him food or to change his bandages, seemed robotic, like some Stepford/Barbie hybrid with the smoothen sexless carriage of a mannequin and a personality pulled out of an Eisenhower-era soap commercial. She made the squeamish cosmetic reps from his past seem like a tribe of pillbox nympho hose hunters.There was a tap on the door and Beth Curtis breezed in carrying a wooden serving tray with plates of pancakes and fresh fruit. Mr. Case, youre up. spirit better today?She set the tray down on the coffee table in front of him and stepped back. nowadays she was in pleated khaki pants and a white blouse with puffed shoulders. Her hair was tied back with a big white bow at the back of her neck. She might have just walked out of a Stewart Granger safari mov ie.Yes, better, Tuck said, But I wore myself out just walking to the window.Your body is still fighting off the infection. The doctor will be by soon to give you some antibiotics. For now you need to eat. She sat on the chair across from him.Tuck cut a divot out of the smoke of pancakes with a fork and speared it through a piece of papaya. After the first bite, he realized how athirst(p) he really was and began wolfing down the pancakes.Beth Curtis smiled. Have you had a chance to look over the manuals for the airplane?Tuck nodded, his mouth still full. Shed left the operations manuals on his bed two days ago. Hed leafed through them enough to know that he could fly the thing. He swallowed and said, I used to fly a Lear 25 for Mary Jean. This one is a little faster and has longer range, but basically its the same. Shouldnt be a problem.Oh, good, she said, sporting one of her plastic smiles. When will you be able to fly?Tucker put down his fork. Mrs. Curtis, I dont mean to be rude, but what in the hell is going on around here?Regarding what, Mr. Case?Well, first, regarding the man I came to this island with. I was sick, but I wasnt hallucinating. We were strung up in a tree by an old native guy and cut down by a mickle of others. What happened to my friend?She shifted in her chair, and the wicker crackled like snapping rat bones. My husband told you what the islanders told us, Mr. Case. The natives live on the other side of the island. They have their own society, their own chief, their own laws. We try to take care of their medical needs and bring a few souls into the fold, but they are a private people. Ill ask them about your friend. If I find out anything, Ill let you know. She stood and straightened the front of her slacks.Id appreciate that, Tuck said. I promised him Id get him back to Yap and I owe him some money. The natives didnt find my backpack, did they? My money was in it.She shook her head. Just the clothes you had on. We burned them. Fortunate ly, you and Sebastian are about the same size. Now, if youll ex-cuse me, Mr. Case, I have some work to do. Sebastian will be along in a bit with your medicine. Im glad youre feeling better. She turned and walked out the door into the blinding sunlight.Tucker stood and watched her walk across the compound. The Japanese guards stopped their work and leered at her. She spun on them and waited, her hands on her hips, until one by one they lost their courage and returned to their work, not embarrassed but afraid, as if meeting her direct watch might turn them to frost. Tuck sat down to his half-eaten pancakes and shivered, thinking it must be the fever.A half hour later the doctor entered the bungalow. Tucker was spread out on the couch descending into a nap. Theyd been doing this since theyd moved him to the bungalow, tag-teaming him, one showing up at least every hour to check on him, bring him food or medicine, change the sheets, take his temperature, help him to the bathroom, wipe h is forehead. It looked like concerned care, but it felt like surveillance.Sebastian Curtis took a capped syringe from his coat pocket as he pass the room.Tuck sighed. Another one?You must be feeling like a pin cushion by now, Mr. Case. I need you to roll over.Tuck rolled over and the doctor gave him the injection. Its either this or the IV. Weve got this infection on the run, but we dont want it to get a foothold again.Tuck rubbed his bottom and sat up. Before he could say anything, the doctor stuck a digital thermometer in his mouth.Beth tells me that youre worried about your friend, the one you say came to the island with you?Tuck nodded.Ill check into it, I promise you. In the meantime, if youre feeling up to it, Beth and I would like you to join us for dinner. Get to know each other a little. Let you know whats pass judgment of you. He pulled the thermometer out of Tucks mouth and checked it but made no comment. You up for dinner this night?Sure, Tuck said. ButGood. Well eat a t seven. Ill have Beth bring you down some clothes. Im sorry about the hand-me-downs, but its the best we can do for now. He started to leave.Doc?Sebastian turned. Yes.Youve been out here, what, thirty years?The doctor stiffened. Twenty-eight. Why?Well, Mrs. Curtis doesnt lookYes, Beth is quite a bit younger than I am. But we can talk about all that at dinner. You should probably rest now and let those antibiotics do their work. I need you healthy, Mr. Case. We have a round of golf to play.Golf?You do play, dont you?Tuck took a second to overhear up with the abrupt change of subject, then said, You play golf here?I am a physician, Mr. Case. Even in the Pacific we have Wednesdays. Then he smiled and left the bungalow.31Revenge honied and Low in CaloriesSarapul twisted the last of the fibers into his rope and drew his knife to trim the ragged end. It was a good knife, made in Germany, with a thin flexible blade that was perfect for filleting fish or cutting microthin slices from coc onut stems to keep the tuba running. Hed had the knife for ten years and he kept it honed and beautify on a piece of tanned pig hide. The blade flashed blue as he picked it up and he saw the face of vengeance re-flected in the metal.Without turning, he said, The young ones are going to kill you.Kimi stopped, his knife held ready to strike the old man in the neck. You ate my friend.Sarapul gripped his knife blade down so he might turn and slash at the same time. There was no quick-wittedness in his bones, though. The Filipino would kill him before he got halfway around. Your friend is with the white Sorcerer and Vincents bitch. Malink took him away.not that one. Roberto. The bat.Bats are taboo. We dont eat bats on Alualu.Kimi lowered his knife an inch. You are not suppositional to eat people either, but you do.Not people I know. Come over here where I can see you. I am old and my neck wont turn that far around.Kimi walked a crescent(prenominal) around the tree and crouched at read y in front of the old man.Sarapul said, You were going to kill me.If you ate Roberto.I like that. Nobody kills anybody anymore. Oh, the young ones are talking about killing you, but I think Malink will talk them out of it.Kimi cleared his throat. Were you going to eat me when they killed me?Someone brought that up at the drinking circle. I dont remember who.Then how do I know you did not eat Roberto? feeling at me, little one. I am a hundred years old maybe. Sometimes I go to the beach to pee and the tides change before my water comes. How would I catch a bat?Kimi sat down on the ground across from the old man and dropped his knife in the gravel. Something happened to Roberto. He flew off.Maybe he found a girl bat, Sarapul said. Maybe he will come back. You want a drink? The old cannibal offered his jar of tuba to Kimi, who leaned forward and snatched it before retreating out of knife range.Kimi took a sip and grimaced. Why are they going to kill me?They say you are a girl-man and t hat you make Sepie forget her duties as mispel. And they dont like you. Dont worry, no one kills anyone anymore. It is just drunk talk.Kimi hung his head. Sepie sent me away from the bachelors house. She is mad at me. I have nowhere to go.Sarapul nodded in sympathy, but said nothing. Hed been exiled for so long that hed gotten used to the alienation, but he remembered how he had felt when Malink had first banished him.You speak our language pretty good, Sarapul said.My father was from Satawan. He was a great navigator. He taught me.Youre a navigator? In the old days the navigators stood above even the chiefs and just below the gods. As a boy, Sarapul idolized the two navigators of Alualu. The long-dead dream of his boyhood surfaced and he remembered learning from them, watching them draw star charts in the sand and stand at the beach lecturing on tides and currents and winds. He had wanted to be a navigator, had begun the training, for in the rigid throwe system of the Yapese isla nds it was the one way for a man to distin-guish himself. But one of the navigators had died of a fever and the other was killed in a fight before he could pass on his knowledge. The navigators and warriors were ghosts of the past. If this girl-man was a navigator, then thebachelors were piss ants to talk of killing him. Sarpul felt infused with an talent he hadnt felt in years.I can show you something, Sarapul said. He tried to climb to his feet and cut down back into a crouch. Kimi took him by a bony arm and helped him up. Come, Sarapul said.The old man led Kimi down the path to the beach and stopped at the waters edge. He began to sing, his voice like dried palm leaves very in the wind. He waved his arms in arcs, then threw them wide to the sky so that his chest looked as if it might crack open like a rotten breadfruit. And the wind came up.He took handfuls of sand and cast them into the wind, then clapped his hands and resumed singing until the palms above them were waving in the wind. Then he stopped.Now we wait, he said. He pointed out to sea. Watch there.A column of fog rose off the ocean at the horizon and boiled black and silver into a huge thunderhead. Sarapul clapped his hands again and a lightning bolt ripped out of the cloud and across the sky like a jagged white fissure in blue glass. The thunderclap was instant, deafening, and crackled for a full ten seconds.Sarapul turned to Kimi, who was staring at the thunderhead with his mouth open. tin can you do that?Kimi shook off his astonishment with a shiver. No, I never learned that. My father said he could send the thunder, but I didnt see him do it.Sarapul grinned. Ever eat a guy?Kimi shook his head. No.Tastes like Spam, Sarapul said.I heard that.I can teach you to send the thunder. I dont know the stars, though.I know the stars, Kimi said.Go get your things, Sarapul said.

Asian American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Asian American History - demonstrate ExampleThe immigrants were the typical Korean of who were used to speaking the Korean languages in their country. When they came to the United States, the language obstruction became the main challenge that the first Korean immigrants experienced in their new country . As more than as they were being taught side as foreign language in their country, they were only allowed to remember the terminologies and the grammatic rules in the language, this did non give them the opportunity to be able to put into practice, listen in and reversed with any of the native English speaker so as to enable them to develop their skills in the English language . With this language hurdle among the immigrants, they could not be able to get the high aim opportunities in the job market and thus it left them with the low level positions in the workplaces as the farm workers and all the same stone diggers. This was because, they could not correspond to the American employers or the service providers effectively to pass their information crosswise to be understood well enough by their employers, and because of this, the employers ended up placing them at the low level where it needs no much communication skills to the managerial section .As much as the Koreans immigrants were not good in the languages in the United States, they could not be able to attend the classes offered to them for the purpose of improve their communication skills. This was because, they were too busy on their daily duties of farming and any other activities.

Anti-Abortion Laws and Maternal Mortality in the US Research Paper

Anti-Abortion Laws and Maternal Mortality in the US - Research newspaper publisher ExampleHowever the perception of abortion has changed all over the centuries. Abortion became one of the most controversial and moot subjects in the modern society. Donald T. Critchlow (Critchlow 1996, 1) points out that abortion transformed into political issue since reproduction rights became public policy. there are various issues related to abortion ethical, biological, religious and others. Those issues engage transformed over the years and cordial understanding of them has changed. I believe that the most tragic subject of anti-abortion laws is the issue of maternal-mortality when performing punishable abortions. In this paper I will provide analysis of issues related to maternal mortality prior to the cadence when abortions were considered legal in the US, precisely the time period between 1800s 1900s. Anti-abortion legislation in the US caused millions of deaths from illegal abortion a nd poor medical assistance. Abortion effect is not something new, it has been known for ages. Women were doing abortions for long time and they will keep doing them even if it is considered illegal. The question is what price society is ready to pay for this and how many more women have to die. Unfortunately there is no exact statistical data of how many women died during the anti-abortion era. In the beginning of twentieth century maternal mortality ratio indicated 600 deaths per 100 000 livebirths in the USA (Ronsmans and Graham September 30, 2006, 4). This subroutine was significantly bigger before the 1900s due to the poor medical conditions and illegal status of abortions. There is no precise data of illegal abortions due to several reasons. First of all, women were ashamed to report on having an abortion. Secondly, they undergo family and social pressure and guilt and preferred to hide the fact of abortion. At the same time wrong(p) and misleading reports from medical inst itutions blurred the real number of deaths from illegal abortions (Rose 2008, 114). Connecticut was the first American bring up that prohibited abortion in 1821. Later on other states followed its example and banned termination of gestation as well. The issue of abortion was forbidden to discuss for a very long time in American society. This situation forced women to use some illegal abortion services, thus putting their lives in danger. Women were allowed to have a legal abortion in exceptional cases predetermined by their medical conditions (Frankowski and clams 1987, 20). In this situation women used severe and dangerous techniques to terminate unwanted pregnancies. They used knitting needles and finale hangers, douched with some poisonous chemicals or took some strong pills in order to perform the procedure themselves. in all these methods put womens lives in danger. Oftentimes they needed immediate professional medical assistance, but it was sticky for them to get it, due to social stigma and prejudices. If the abortion did not work women tried to perform the procedure again and again (Boston Womens Health Book Collective. 1998). I believe there were several reasons for abortion to be considered illegal. First of all, in the 1800 this surgical procedure was highly risky and the high mortality rates turn out that. However majority of surgical procedures were risky for patients at that time. Secondly, anti-abortion legislation created a control mechanism over women. Later on this control and restrictions had a great impact on the feminist movements (Gordon 1976). Thirdly, male doctors change magnitude their control over the medical field and consolidated their power. Finally, American government tried to scare the discolour population of the possible race suicide. Therefore white women were highly recommended to give birth (Boston Womens

Battle of Algiers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Battle of Algiers - Essay ExampleTerrorist maneuver are justified in the context of a war that is a product of colonization and when enemies cannot be differentiated from the masses, although it is not mor every last(predicate)y acceptable to expend terrorist tactics when fighting a terrorist organization beca role it punishes combatants and non-combatants alike and uses technology to the detriment of the entire colonized people.The tactics of terrorism on both sides of the war are justified because of the nature of the socio-economic and political context of Algeria, where the minority is fighting the colonial rule of France, while France cannot discern combatants from non-combatants. The National Liberation Front or FLN wholly wanted freedom and autonomy for Algeria. The French, on the contrary, acted as the colonizer, so they aimed to crush the rebellion using all means possible. The FLN knew that it could not defeat the French with a heads-on collision, so it resorted to gueri lla tactics, mostly terrorist attacks, to attain the accusation of demoralizing the French and inciting the masses to fight their colonial masters. France retaliated to preserve its authority in its colony. It believed that the resistance was compose of the minority, so it felt justified to eliminate the rebels, even if it meant having casualties of non-combatants because of the difficulty of differentiating them from the rebels.It is not morally acceptable to use terrorist tactics, when combating a terrorist organization, because it does not differentiate combatants from non-combatants, thereby killing innocent civilians. The FLN bombed two French cafes and an airport because it knew that it could not conduct an effective offense using direct combat operations. Guerrilla operations would be to a greater extent effective, even if they were stealthy and downstairsmined the morality of their actions. This included hiding weapons in ordinary places and using women to hide guns under their burka and to launch bombing